Formulation of the Problem

unconsciously, without thinking much about what he is doing, the learner tries out one or another already formed habit of behavior until he hits upon satisfactory response. Much of what is called school learning, however, is engaged in with more or less awareness of the reason for the learning, what is being learned, and how the learning is taking place. 3 It mean that in school learner is adjusted in the one situation or condition, with a curriculum, place condition, and roles of study. Learners at school should be known why he goes to school and learns there. In the same book, Lester D. Crow Alice Crow wrote, learning is complex. At one and the same time, an individual is 1 learning new skills or improving those that already are operating, 2 building a store information or knowledge, and 3 developing interests, attitudes, and ways of thinking. 4 Those kinds of learning is happened to the people for what they actually do learning. When they learn, they have any purposes and ways. Meanwhile Barry and King write in their book that Learning has some categories; there are cognitive learning, psychomotor learning, and affective learning. 5 Cognitive learning refers to learning that is primarily concern with mental or intellectual process. Psychomotor learning refers to learning concerned with the development of bodily movement. And affective learning refers to learning that is concerned with personal and social matters. As we see today that learning in the past has different way with learning today, as Alferd H. Gorman writes in his book that learning process is always changed. In the past, students knew nothing, then teacher gave them the knowledge because the teacher knew. The communication between them was one way at a time with the odd heavily weighted on the side of the teacher. The teacher teach by lecturing and demonstrating; then the learner would recite orally or on the paper so that the teacher could determine whether understanding had take place. 6 Then today, students are encouraged to question ideas in the now 3 Lester D. Crow Alice Crow, Human development and learning, New York: American Book Company, 1956, p. 212. 4 Ibid., 5 Kevin Barry Len King, op. cit., p. 19. 6 Alferd H. Gorman, Teachers and Learners the Interactive Process of Education. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc., 1971, p. 8.