35
c. In the multivariate research multiple linear regressions the sample sizeshould be several times larger 10 times than the number of
variables tobe analyzed. d. A simple experiment for research, with strict controls, sample
sizebetween 10-20 elements.
C. Data Collection Methods
1. Types of Data According to Kenneth and Jane 2004:8 data is streams of raw facts
representing events occurring in organization or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can
understand and use. The types of data used in this research are as follows : a. Primary Data
According to Malhotra 2004:37 primary data is data originated by the researcher for the specific purpose of addressing the research
problem. Primary data isthe data obtained directly from the object under study by research or field research. Primary data is data sources
which is directly gives the data for researcher Sugiyono, 2009:193. Primary data was collected through questioner methods. According
to Malhotra 2004:280 questioner is a structured techniques for data collection that consist of a series of questions, written or verbal, that a
respondent answers. Questioner method is technique data collections that had been done with give a set of questions or written statement to
the respondent to be answered Sugiyono, 2009:199. The data will be processed using SPSS 17 for windows.
36
This study used alikert scale that is consist of five level. Likert scaleis widely used a rating scale that requires the respondents to indicate
agreement and disagreement with each of a series statement about the stimulus objects. Typically, each scale item has five response categories,
ranging from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree” Maholtra, 2004:258.
Likert scale is to measure attitude, opinion, and perceptions of individuals or groups social phenomena Riduwan and Engkos, 2008:20.
Likert scale of five levels to express the attitude or the respondent’s answer are as follows:
Table 3.1 Likert Scale of Five Levels
Malhotra, 2004:258
No Range
Weight 1
Strongly Agree SA 5
2 Agree A
4 3
Neutral N 3
4 Disagree D
2 5
Strongly Disagree SD 1
b. Secondary Data According to Malhotra 2004:37 data is collected for some
purpose other than the problem at hand. Secondary data is source indirectly give the data for researcher Sugiyono, 2009:193. In the
development of this study research, technique of taking secondary data will be used are :
37
1 Library Study, done for collecting the data with information through reference books, journals, and other information which
suitable according to this study. 2 Notes of Al-Azhar Cooperative such as history company,
organization structure, total of employee, total member, and product.
D. Data Analysis Methods
