30 Micky
: Yes, madam.
From the examples above, it can be seen that the words ‘mom’ and ‘madam’ refer to the same referent which is Mrs. Max Micky’s mother. What distinguishes these
two words is the component of meaning. The components of meaning of word ‘mom’ are 1 informal and 2 intimate, while in word ‘madam’ are 1 formal and 2 not
intimate. In translating these two words based on semantic translation, it is expected to find the component of meaning that is exactly the same with the in SL which in this case
is English Language. Therefore, if the word ‘mom’ is translated into Indonesian Language, it will be ‘ma’ for they share the same components of meaning.
The same thing also happens with word ‘madam’. If it is translated into Indonesian Language, it will be’bu’ for they also belong to the same components of
meaning which are formal and not intimate.
2.5.2 TL Emphasis Method
Newmark divides SL Emphasis method into four types; adaptation, free translation, idiomatic translation, and communicative translation.
1. Adaptation Translation
This translationmethodtries to change theculture ofthe SLintothe TL. In general,the results areseen not asatranslation product but as arewriting ofthe
SLtextintothe TL. The textthat is generatedby applyingthismethodisthe freestform oftranslationasshownin theexamplebelow.
SL :
As soon as Bobby arrived in Lake Michigan, he texted his wife. TL
: Segera setelah Ucok tiba di Danau Toba, dia berkirim surat kepada
31 istrinya.
From the translation product, it can be concluded that the SL is adapted into the culture of North Sumatera in the TL. The name ‘Bobby’ is translated as ‘Ucok’ in
accordance with the culture of North Sumatera for the name ‘Bobby’ usually belongs to Western culture. The place ‘Lake Michigan’ is translated as ‘Danau Toba’, a lake in
North Sumatera. While the sentence ‘he texted his wife’ is translated as ‘dia berkirim surat kepada istrinya’
based on the traditional culture of people in North Sumatera.
2. Free Translation
Freetranslation methodproducesthe targettextthat does not containthe style, orform ofthe sourcetext. This translationmethodisnot tied tothe search of equivalence in
the level of wordorphrase. The search of equivalencetends totake placeat the level ofthetext. This translation method is different with adaptation translation. The message
conveyed in this type of translation must be exactly the same with the one in SL. Translatorshave onlylimited freedom inexpressingthemessagein the TL, they do not have
freedom to modify the original text. On contrary, by applying adaptation translation, it is possible for the translator to do some modification, for instance, by changing the name
of the character or place. The application of free translation can be seen in the example below.
SL :
I kissed her. TL
: Saya telah mencetak sebuah ciuman pada bibirnya yang merah.
It can be clearly seen that the TL is much longer than the SL. It is as the result of the addition of several unsure in TL. It sounds more radical; even though it keeps
32 maintaining the content or message of the SL where it can only be translated as ‘saya
menciumnya’.
3. Idiomatic Translation
