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2.2.3 Various Types of Vocabulary Mastery
The type of vocabulary that needs to be considered in education can be discussed in four types:
a Understanding vocabulary
Understanding vocabulary can be divided into two items: 1.
Listening: the words an individual recognizes and comprehends through listening.
2. Reading: the words an individual recognizes and comprehension
through reading. b
Speaking vocabulary c
Writing vocabulary d
Potential or Marginal vocabulary
2.2.4 Teaching Vocabulary
Teaching English as a foreign language for Indonesian is not an easy thing to apply. The teacher are demanded to be successful. An effective teaching is the
basic factor to the success of teaching-learning process. To prepare an effective teaching, it is necessary for teacher to make a theory that account for effective
language teaching, including a specification of the key variables in effective teaching and how they are interrelated. Such a theory is the study of the teaching
process itself. Therefore, it is important to develop principles for the preparation of
language teachers, especially for vocabulary teaching.
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18 For an English teacher to young learners, vocabulary teaching also invites
notable reactions. Some people believe that in learning a foreign language, teaching vocabulary is a waste of time since the vocabulary is an unlimited
number. These ideas are reasonable, if the participants of the teacher-preparation program had received emphasis on vocabulary in the classroom. Students’
progress in their vocabulary learning can be gained through experience. Without special classes on vocabulary, the participants in the programs would master a
number of words. In addition, several specialists in methodology believe that the meaning of words could not be adequately taught. Therefore, as a result, a little
attention was directed to techniques for vocabulary teaching. However, different from the above ideas, a number of research studies
have recently dealt with lexical problems problem related to word. Through research, the scholars are finding that the lexicalproblem frequently interfere with
communication; communication breaks down when people do not use the right words.
2.3 The Elementary School Students in Indonesia
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