21
CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDINGS
A. DESCRIPTION OF THE DATA
In  this  data  description,  the  writer  finds  a  number  of  Indonesian  words which  are  borrowed  from  English  language.  Those  words  are  taken  from  nine
articles in Seputar Indonesia newspaper published on December 27
th
2009 as the unit  analysis  of  this  study.  Those  articles  consist  of  several  rubrics,  namely
education,  entertainment,  sport,  science,  technology,  hobbies,  lifestyle,  politics and International news.
From those articles above, the writer collects forty five Indonesian words which are borrowed from English, and then the writer tries to analyze them.
Table. 1. The words which get the change of meaning in extension
Table. 2. The words which get the change of meaning in narrowing
English Words Indonesian Words
Application Aplikasi
Artist Artis
Texture Teksture
English Words Indonesian Words
Competition Kompetisi
Nutrition Nutrisi
Point Poin
Positive Positif
Table. 3. The words which have the same meaning
English Words Indonesian Words
Active Aktif
Actrees Aktris
Ambition Ambisi
Athlete Atlet
Character Karakter
Club Klub
Combination Kombinasi
Community Komunitas
Creative Kreatif
Crew Kru
Description Deskripsi
Duel Duel
Duration Durasi
Effect Efek
Expedition Ekspedisi
Federation Federasi
Feminine Feminim
Focus Fokus
Information Informasi
Institution Institusi
Manager Manajer
Mode Mode
Model Model
Politics Politik
Permissive Permisif
Position Posisi
Pragmatics Pragmatik
Program Program
Prediction Prediksi
Quality Kualitas
Route Rute
Station Stasiun
Survey Survey
Target Target
Team Tim
Terror Teror
Trend Tren
Technique Teknik
B. ANALYSIS OF THE DATA
From  the  data  description,  the  writer  analyzes  the  Indonesian  words  by giving  the  meaning  of  words  from  each  word. Then,  the  writer  will  classify  the
data by categorizing based on the kind of meaning changing. Such as extension of meaning,  narrowing  meaning,  and  same  meaning.  And  also  analyze  the  kind  of
types,  such  as  loanwords,  loan  blends  and  loan  shift.  In  this  analysis,  the  writer uses three dictionaries to support his analysis to find the meaning of each word,
the dictionaries are; a.  Oxford Advanced  Learner’s  Dictionary  of  Current English,  fifth  edition,
Hornby AS, 1995 b.  Kamus  Besar  Bahasa  Indonesia  Departemen  Pendidikan  dan
Kebudayaan, 1988 c.  Kamus  Kata-Kata  serapan  Asing dalam  Bahasa  Indonesia  J.S.  Badudu,
2003 The  following  is  the  analysis  of  45  Indonesian  words  that  are  borrowed
from English in Seputar Indonesia Newspaper published on December 27
th
, 2009. The analysis of each word presented in alphabetical order.
B.1. Extension of Meaning.
1. ‘Aplikasi’ word is borrowed from English ‘Application’ The Sentence from the article: Untuk aplikasi model rambut ini sangat mudah.
page 21, column 1
According to the above sentence, the aplikasi word has function as noun. Its meanings in Oxford Dictionary are:
a. n  1.  to  sb  for  sthto  do  sth  a  formal  often  written  request  for something,  such  as  a  job,  permission  to  do  something  or  a  place  at  a
college or university. 2. A program designed to do particular job; a piece of software.
1
Example: The new computer application of new technology to teaching The meaning in KBBI and KKSABI are:
b.  n  1.  Karya  hias  dalam  seni  jahit-menjahit  dengan  menempelkan menjahitkan guntingan-guntingan kain yang dibentuk. 2. Penggunaan. 3.
Penerapan.
2
c.   n 1. Lamaran untuk jadi pegawaipekerja. 2. Penerapan, penggunaan.
3
The  word  ‘aplikasi’  functions  as  a  noun  both  in  English  or  Indonesia. Based on three different meanings above, the writer can conclude that the word of
application  word  gets  the  change  of  meaning  that  is  widening  or  extension meaning, because it has just refers to act or use something in practical ways. It’s
more  general  than  the  meaning  of  program  designed  to  do  a  particular  job or  a piece of software. This  word compare to the English word is considered as loan
blend.  Because,  this  word  has  different  spelling  both  in  English  and  Indonesian
1
A.S Hornby, Oxford Learners Dictionary USA: New York University press, 1995, p. 52
2
Depdikbud. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Jakarta: PT. Balai Pustaka, 1988, p. 49
3
J. S. Badudu, Kamus Kata-kata Serapan Bahasa Asing dalam Bahasa Indonesia Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2003, p. 26
language. In Indonesia it is spelled A-P-L-I-K-A-S-I, in English it is spelled A-P- P-L-I-C-A-T-I-O-N. But this word has similarities in pronunciation.
2. ‘Artis’ word is borrowed from English ‘Artist’ The  Sentence  from  the  article:  Gandeng  artis,  parpol  pragmatis.  page  1,
column 3 The writer identifies that artis word in the sentence above functions as a noun.
Its meaning in the Oxford Dictionary is: a.  n A person who paints or draws pictures, procedures sculpture.
4
Example: Michelangelo was an Italian greatest artist Whereas in KBBI and KKSABI the meanings are:
b.   n  Ahli  seni;  seniman,  seniwati  seperti  penyanyi,  pemain  film,  pelukis, pemain drama.
5
c.   n  Seniman  dan  Seniwati  penyanyi,  pemain  film  atau  sinetron, dramawandramawati. Orang yang ahli dibidang seni tertentu, Seniman.
6
This word gets the change of meaning that is widening or extension meaning. The  word  of  artist  changes  into  general  meaning,  because  in  entertainment
context  this  word  means  not  only  a  painter  but  also  it  could  be  a  celebrity,  a movie  star,  a  singer  or  an  actor.  The  writer  also  analyzes  that  the  word of  artis
word  is  loan  blend  type  because  it  has  similar  pronunciation  but  different  in spelling. In English it is spelled A-R-T-I-S-T and in Indonesia it is spelled A-R-
4
A. S Hornby, op.cit, p. 61
5
Depdikbud, op.cit, p. 49
6
J. S. Badudu, op.cit, p. 29
T-I-S, omitted the ‘T’ letter in the end. 3. ‘Tekstur’ word is borrowed from English ‘Texture’
The  sentence  from  the  article:  Dan  dengan  tekstur  yang  juga  cukup  kontras. page 21, column 1
According to the sentence above, the tekstur word functions as a noun. It’s meaning in the Oxford Dictionary is:
a. n  The  way  a  surface,  substance  or  fabric  feels  when  you  touch  it,  for example, have rough, smooth, hard or soft it is.
7
Example in sentence: The two cheeses were very different in both taste and texture.
The lexical meaning in KBBI and KKSABI are: b.   n  Ukuran  dan  susunan  jaringan  bagian  suatu  benda;  jalinan  atau
penyatuan bagian-bagian sesuatu sehingga menjadi satu benda.
8
c.   n  1. Sifat  suatu  kain  berdasarkan  mutu benang  serta  cara  menenunnya, misal kasar, halus, kaku, kuat, dsb. 2. Susunan bagian pembentuk sesuatu,
misal tekstur batu, tanah, jaringan tubuh,karya sastra, dsb.Susunan bagian pembentuk sesuatu.
9
From the meanings above, the writer concludes that texture word gets the change  of  meaning  that  is  widening  or  extension  meaning.  In  the  Oxford
Dictionary,  the  word  texture  meaning  is  ‘the  way  a  surface,  substance  or  fabric
7
A. S. Hornby, op.cit, p. 1397
8
Depdikbud, op.cit, p. 917
9
J. S. Badudu, op.cit, p. 614
feels when  you touch it’ and the meaning  is wider in the  KKSABI which states ‘an arrangement of forming parts of something’. This word is considered as loan
blend.  Because  even  though  this  word  has  similar  pronunciation,  but  different spelling  compare  to  the  English  word.  In  English  it  is  spelled  T-E-X-T-U-R-E
whereas in Indonesia it is spelled T-E-K-S-T-U-R. The ‘X’ letter in the English is changed with the ‘KS’ letters and the last letter ‘E’ are discarded.
B. 2. Narrowing of Meaning