Interview Guide Instruments and Data Gathering Techniques

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3.4.3 Interview Guide

Interview guide was also one of the instruments employed in this research. Interview guide as proposed by Patton 2002 is a list of questions that are to be examined thoroughly during the course of an interview. The interview guide was employed to gain the further information or explanation, to facilitate the clarification and to ensure confirmation. The interview guide was made for two parties; the lecturer and students. For the lecturer, the interview was conducted to figure out the implementation of critical review in the class from the lecturer’s point of view, the further impact of the implementation and the lecturer’s perception on the implementation. For the students, the interview was conducted to figure out the implementation of critical review in the class from the students’ point of view, the further impact of the implementation and the students’ perception on the implementation. The interview guide for the lecturer consisted of 9 open-ended questions which were representing the implementation of critical review in CRW 1 class, further impact of the implementation and lecturer’s perception on the implementation. The interview questions which were composed based on the theories proposed by some experts are presented in the following. Table 3.5 Interview Guide Blueprint for Lecturer No Questions Aspects The underlying principles 1 This course is an integrated course in which there are reading skill and writing skill in a single course. How are these skills integrated? Integrated skill Harmer 2007 59 No Questions Aspects The underlying principles 2 What are steps used for this Critical Reading and Writing 1? Techniques implemented in Critical reading and writing Analysis and evaluation, Fisher 2001, Evaluation, Knott n.d., and Summary, writing centre university of Western Cape n.d. 3 What are activities implemented in Pre- reading? Pre-reading Previewing, Pardede 2006, Skimming, Raygor Raygor 1985, and Prediction, Smith 1994, in Pardede 2006 4 What are activities they do while reading? Critical reading Analysis and evaluation, Fisher 2001, Evaluation, Knott n.d. 5 What do they do after reading? Post reading Summary, writing centre university of Western Cape n.d. 6 What are activities for critical writing? Critical writing Review, Wallace Wray 2006 7 Do they synthesize the information they got from reading and other sources? Synthesis Synthesis, Bloom 1956 8 Do you also provide feedback for the critical writing? So, from the feedback you give, is there any improvement on their next writing? Feedback Error feedback, Ferris et al. 2000 9 So, overall do you think the process of critical reading and writing implemented in this class is able to encourage students to be critical readers? perception Perception, Kreitner and Kinicki 2008 60 The interview guide for students consisted of 8 open-ended questions which were representing the implementation of critical review in their class, the further impact of the implementation and students’ perception on the implementation. The interview questions which were composed based on the theories proposed by some experts are presented in the following. Table 3.6 Interview Guide Blueprint for Students No Questions Aspects The underlying theories 1 Do you enjoy this CRW 1 course? Why? Students’ perception Perception, Kreitner and Kinicki 2008 2 In your reading section, what do you usually do when you got the text? What is it for? Pre-reading Previewing, Pardede 2006, Skimming, Raygor Raygor 1985, and Prediction, Smith 1994, in Pardede 2006 3 While you are reading, what do you do to really understand the information provided? Why? Critical reading Analysis and evaluation, Fisher 2001, and evaluation, Knott n.d. 4 After reading, what do you do to gather all the information you got? Is it helpful? Post reading Summary, writing centre university of Western Cape n.d. 5 After reading, do you write create response to the ideas presented? What are things included on the response? Critical writing Review, Wallace Wray 2006 6 In your critical writing, do you connect the information you read and other sources to make a precise writing? Is it easy or challenging? Synthesis Synthesis, Bloom 1956 7 Do you get feedback for your critical writing? Is it enough? Does the feedback encourage you to be better on the next writing? Feedback Error feedback, Ferris et al. 2000 8 So, overall do you think the activities provided in CRW 1 Class are able to encourage you to be more critical? Students’ perception Perception, Kreitner and Kinicki 2008 61 Those are the interview guides employed in this research. The underlying principles help the researcher to develop the questions. The detail explanation and relation between the result of the interview guide and the underlying principles is explained further in Chapter II and IV.

3.5 Data Analysis Techniques