58
3.4.3 Interview Guide
Interview guide was also one of the instruments employed in this research. Interview guide as proposed by Patton 2002 is a list of questions that are to be
examined thoroughly during the course of an interview. The interview guide was employed to gain the further information or explanation, to facilitate the
clarification and to ensure confirmation. The interview guide was made for two parties; the lecturer and students. For the lecturer, the interview was conducted to
figure out the implementation of critical review in the class from the lecturer’s point of view, the further impact of the implementation and the lecturer’s
perception on the implementation. For the students, the interview was conducted to figure out the implementation of critical review in the class from the students’
point of view, the further impact of the implementation and the students’ perception on the implementation.
The interview guide for the lecturer consisted of 9 open-ended questions which were representing the implementation of critical review in CRW 1 class,
further impact of the implementation and lecturer’s perception on the implementation. The interview questions which were composed based on the
theories proposed by some experts are presented in the following.
Table 3.5 Interview Guide Blueprint for Lecturer
No Questions
Aspects The underlying
principles
1 This course is an
integrated course in which there are reading
skill and writing skill in a single course. How are
these skills integrated? Integrated skill
Harmer 2007
59
No Questions
Aspects The underlying
principles
2 What are steps used for
this Critical Reading and Writing 1?
Techniques implemented in Critical reading and
writing Analysis and
evaluation, Fisher 2001, Evaluation,
Knott n.d., and Summary, writing
centre university of Western Cape
n.d.
3 What are activities
implemented in Pre- reading?
Pre-reading Previewing,
Pardede 2006, Skimming, Raygor
Raygor 1985, and Prediction,
Smith 1994, in Pardede 2006
4 What are activities they
do while reading? Critical reading
Analysis and evaluation, Fisher
2001, Evaluation, Knott n.d.
5 What do they do after
reading? Post reading
Summary, writing centre university of
Western Cape n.d.
6 What are activities for
critical writing? Critical writing
Review, Wallace Wray 2006
7 Do they synthesize the
information they got from reading and other
sources? Synthesis
Synthesis, Bloom 1956
8 Do you also provide
feedback for the critical writing? So, from the
feedback you give, is there any improvement
on their next writing? Feedback
Error feedback, Ferris et al. 2000
9 So, overall do you think
the process of critical reading and writing
implemented in this class is able to encourage
students to be critical readers?
perception Perception,
Kreitner and Kinicki 2008
60 The interview guide for students consisted of 8 open-ended questions which
were representing the implementation of critical review in their class, the further impact of the implementation and students’ perception on the implementation.
The interview questions which were composed based on the theories proposed by some experts are presented in the following.
Table 3.6 Interview Guide Blueprint for Students No
Questions Aspects
The underlying theories
1 Do you enjoy this CRW 1
course? Why? Students’
perception Perception, Kreitner and
Kinicki 2008 2
In your reading section, what do you usually do when you
got the text? What is it for? Pre-reading
Previewing, Pardede 2006, Skimming, Raygor
Raygor 1985, and Prediction, Smith 1994,
in Pardede 2006
3 While you are reading, what do
you do to really understand the information provided? Why?
Critical reading
Analysis and evaluation, Fisher 2001, and
evaluation, Knott n.d.
4 After reading, what do you do
to gather all the information you got? Is it helpful?
Post reading Summary, writing centre
university of Western Cape n.d.
5 After reading, do you write
create response to the ideas presented? What are things
included on the response? Critical
writing Review, Wallace Wray
2006
6 In your critical writing, do you
connect the information you read and other sources to make
a precise writing? Is it easy or challenging?
Synthesis Synthesis, Bloom 1956
7 Do you get feedback for your
critical writing? Is it enough? Does the feedback encourage
you to be better on the next writing?
Feedback Error feedback, Ferris et
al. 2000
8 So, overall do you think the
activities provided in CRW 1 Class are able to encourage
you to be more critical? Students’
perception Perception, Kreitner and
Kinicki 2008
61 Those are the interview guides employed in this research. The underlying
principles help the researcher to develop the questions. The detail explanation and relation between the result of the interview guide and the underlying principles is
explained further in Chapter II and IV.
3.5 Data Analysis Techniques