In the second part of the novel, Pelagea has accepted the new idea, although at the first time she was skeptical and hesitant. By this time, Pelagea has become part of
the struggle and the underground movement to stir up people. The climax is where she openly spreads the leaflets while being caught by the government spy and finally
beaten to death. Pelagea and Pavel are the main characters of the novel, but there are some
other important characters. There is Andrei Nakhodka, or the khokhol, or the Ukrainian in Russian language. He is the second closest person to Pelagea after Pavel.
There are also Nikolai Ivanovich, Nikolai Vesovshchikov, Sasha, Sophia and Rybin. All of them are Pavel and Pelagea’s comrades in the movement.
3.2. Approach of the Study
This study uses Marxist literary criticism approach since in Marxist literary criticism approach, the context of the writing of the novel is significant to analyzing
the novel. In the analysis, the understanding of the social and political context of the period of the writing of the novel is important to comprehend the story. Therefore, the
Marxist approach is best used in this study. Moreover, the publication of Maxim Gorky’s novel, Mother, was in the period of emerging Russian revolutionary ideas in
the early twentieth century, in which the ideas of Marxism were explored. In addition, the Marxist literary criticism approach concerns on the conscious
and the unconscious of the social reality in which the work is produced. It tries to find the “covert” content of the novel to reveal the tendency of socio-political condition of
the writing of the novel. In addition to showing realities, according to Marxist approach, the novel also reflects the real society Barry, 2002: 167-8. Through
employing Marxist literary criticism, I can also gain invaluable knowledge about Marxist ideas as a critical theory.
3.3. Method of the Study
In conducting the study, library research was applied as the method of the study, which means that the data was gathered from books and related materials. The
primary data of this study is the novel Mother by Maxim Gorky, published by Foreign Languages Publishing House, Moscow in 1949. In accomplishing the study,
other references were highly needed as the secondary resource. The secondary resources include some related references about the theory of
Marxism which was primarily taken from the Marxist Internet Archive 20062007 MIA DVD version, taken from www.marxists.org. This is the encyclopedia of
Marxism that comprises the works of more than 300 Marxist writers. Some references from the internet were also used primarily with regards to gaining
understanding about the historical background of the author and the writing of the novel.
The first step of conducting the study was reading and rereading the novel to gain deeper insights of the story and to find some interesting problem to analyze.
After finding some problems to analyze, the second step was to gather references about the novel, about the author and also the socio-political conditions of the period
of the writing of the novel. The third, I collected theories for dealing with the problems. The fourth step was to analyze the problems and the last was to write
conclusion and suggestions for further study and language teaching PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
