apply in this analysis since this thesis analyzes the literary work from its social, cultural, and historical aspects through the attitudes and actions of
the characters in the novel.
C. Method of the Study
The method used in conducting this analysis is library research. Library research meant that the data used in this analysis are obtained
from some books and other written references that are available in library. Sources from internet were also used in supporting this study. There are
two sources in analyzing this story. Those are a primary source and secondary source. The primary source is Alan Paton’s Cry, the Beloved
Country, and the secondary source is the other books that can be used in supporting this analysis.
To support the analysis, Rene Wellek and Austin Warren’s Theory of Literature, Mary Rohrberger and Samuel H. Woods’ Reading and
Writing about Literature, Richard Gill’s Mastering English Literature, E. M. Foster’s Aspects of the Novel, Ali A. Mazrui’s The Africans, Andrew
Edgar and Peter Sedgwick’s Cultural Theory the Key concepts, Elizabeth Langland’s Society in the Novel, Chris Baldick’s The Concise Oxford
Dictionary of Literary Terms, Daniel Bell’s The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism, David Cheal’s Sociology of Family Life, David Levinson
Melvin Ember’s Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology, F.C. Ross’
The Support Network of Black Families in Southern Africa
, A. S. Skolnick and J. H. Skolnick’s Family in Transition, Amiram Gonen’s The Encyclopedia of
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the Peoples of the World, Elizabeth Hurlock’s Personality Development, Paul B. Horton and Chester L. Hunt’s Sociology,
Graham Little’s Approach of Literature, H. P. Fairchild’s Dictionary of Sociology,
Kingsley Davis’ Human Society, . Meriam Webster’s Encyclopedia of Literature, Middleton and Rassam’s Encyclopedia of World Cultures,
Judith Ferster’s Arguing through Literature, Justin Pikuna’s Structure, Sound, and Sense, Leonard Thompson’s A History of South Africa Third
Edition, S. Wahlroos’ Family Communication, R. Hills’ Modern Systems and the Family, Tom Hopkinson’s Life World Library South Africa, C.
Hugh Holman and William Harmon’s A Handbook to Literature, Thomas Sowell’s Race and Culture, T.O. Irhomi’s Bungai Rampai Sosiologi
Keluarga, Patricia Noller and Mary Anne Fitzpatrick’s Communication in Family Relationships, Peter N. Searns’ Encyclopedia of Social History,
Nancy L. Clark and William H. Worger’s South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid, Randall Collins’ Sociology of Marriage and the Family,
William A. Haviland’s Cultural Anthropology, Reinhard Bendix and Seymour Martin Lipset’s Class, Status, and Power, and Guerins’ A
Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature were used. These books were provided to help the writer in understanding the
relationship between some theories and the problem in the novel. These books were chosen as addition information about the situation whenever
or wherever the setting took place, and whatever the characters acted in the story. Another source like internet source was also used to support the
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explanation from books. In analyzing the novel, the first step done by the writer was reading
a novel of Cry, the Beloved Country by Alan Paton, as the main source, more and more to understand it well and to get the idea about the topic to
research. Then the writer found out the topic about Stephen Kumalo’s family, as a main protagonist character, with his family problem and his
struggle to solve it. The next step was to analyze the family problem of Stephen
Kumalo, as a main protagonist character in this novel, and what struggle he took in solving his family problem. Then the problems found by the
writer are formulated to some questions in problem formulation. The influence of the government system in South Africa toward Stephen
Kumalo’s family is also important to analyze in this part. The writer also attempts to analyze Stephen Kumalo’s family
based on some theories about family and social condition in wherever or whenever the setting took place and its influence to the Stephen Kumalo’s
family. Stephen Kumalo’s struggle to solve his family problem is the next analysis based on the questions in problem formulation. After answering
all the problems, the writer finally tries to conclude all of the analysis in to a conclusion.
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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
