Karakteristik teknik pemanenan sawit dan pemanfaatan energi potensial tandan buah segar (tbs) sebagai sumber energi pengangkutan tbs
Prosiding Seminar Hasil-Hasil PPM IPB 2013
ISBN : 978-602-8853-19-4
978-602-8853-20-0
Vol. I : 323–337
KARAKTERISTIK TEKNIK PEMANENAN SAWIT DAN
PEMANFAATAN ENERGI POTENSIAL TANDAN BUAH SEGAR (TBS)
SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI PENGANGKUTAN TBS
(Engineering Characteristic of Oil Palm Harvesting and Its Potential Energy for
FFB Evacuation)
Wawan Hermawan, Desrial
Dep. Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB
ABSTRAK
Dalam panen kelapa sawit, tandan buah yang jatuh memiliki energi potensial yang cukup
besar, yang dapat ditangkap dan digunakan sebagai daya penggerak angkong dalam
mengevakuasi tandan buah segar (TBS). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur
karakteristik teknik panen TBS, menentukan bahan landasan terbaik untuk penangkap
TBS, menganalisis potensi energi potensial TBS yang jatuh, dan merancang desain
konseptual dari mesin penangkap dan pengangkut TBS. Pengukuran karakteristik panen
dilakukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Empat jenis bahan landasan tangkapan diuji, yaitu:
pelat baja, papan kayu, pelat baja expanded dan lembaran karet. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa, tandan jatuh pada jarak antara 0,6 1,4 m dari pohon. Berat TBS
berkisar antara 16 32 kg. Bahan karet paling baik untuk penangkap TBS dalam
mengurangi jumlah buah tercecer dan buah memar. Energi potensial TBS jatuh berada di
kisaran 0,44 4,44 kJ. Jarak tempuh teoritis dari angkong yang menggunakan energi
potensial yang ditangkap, berada di kisaran 2,27 22,98 m. Berdasarkan data pengukuran,
sebuah desain konseptual mesin penangkap dan evakuasi TBS telah dirancang.
Kata kunci: Panen kelapa sawit, karakteristik teknik, energi potensial, landasan
tangkapan, desain konseptual.
ABSTRACT
In oil palm harvesting, falling fruit bunches have a considerable potential energy, which
can be captured and used to power the wheelbarrow in evacuating the fruit bunches. This
study was conducted to measure the engineering characteristics of fruit bunches
harvesting, determine the best fruit bunches catchment platform material, analyze the
potential energy of falling fresh fruit bunch, and design a conceptual design of the
catchment platform and evacuation machine. Measurements of the characteristics of the
harvesting were done in an oil palm plantation. Four types of fruit catchment platform
materials were tested, namely: steel plate, wood board, expanded steel plate and rubber
sheet. The results showed that, bunches fell at a distance between 0,6 1,4 m from the
tree. Fruit bunches weight was in the range of 16 32 kg. The rubber catchment platform
was superior to the other materials in reducing the scattered loose fruits and bruised fruits.
Potential energy of falling fruit bunches were in the range of 0,44 4,44 kJ. Theoretical
traveling distance of the wheel barrow powered by the captured potential energy was in
the range of 2,27 22,98 m. A conceptual design of catchment platform and evacuation
machine was designed.
Keywords: Oil palm harvesting, engineering characteristics, potential energy, catchment
platform, conceptual design.
ISBN : 978-602-8853-19-4
978-602-8853-20-0
Vol. I : 323–337
KARAKTERISTIK TEKNIK PEMANENAN SAWIT DAN
PEMANFAATAN ENERGI POTENSIAL TANDAN BUAH SEGAR (TBS)
SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI PENGANGKUTAN TBS
(Engineering Characteristic of Oil Palm Harvesting and Its Potential Energy for
FFB Evacuation)
Wawan Hermawan, Desrial
Dep. Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB
ABSTRAK
Dalam panen kelapa sawit, tandan buah yang jatuh memiliki energi potensial yang cukup
besar, yang dapat ditangkap dan digunakan sebagai daya penggerak angkong dalam
mengevakuasi tandan buah segar (TBS). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur
karakteristik teknik panen TBS, menentukan bahan landasan terbaik untuk penangkap
TBS, menganalisis potensi energi potensial TBS yang jatuh, dan merancang desain
konseptual dari mesin penangkap dan pengangkut TBS. Pengukuran karakteristik panen
dilakukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Empat jenis bahan landasan tangkapan diuji, yaitu:
pelat baja, papan kayu, pelat baja expanded dan lembaran karet. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa, tandan jatuh pada jarak antara 0,6 1,4 m dari pohon. Berat TBS
berkisar antara 16 32 kg. Bahan karet paling baik untuk penangkap TBS dalam
mengurangi jumlah buah tercecer dan buah memar. Energi potensial TBS jatuh berada di
kisaran 0,44 4,44 kJ. Jarak tempuh teoritis dari angkong yang menggunakan energi
potensial yang ditangkap, berada di kisaran 2,27 22,98 m. Berdasarkan data pengukuran,
sebuah desain konseptual mesin penangkap dan evakuasi TBS telah dirancang.
Kata kunci: Panen kelapa sawit, karakteristik teknik, energi potensial, landasan
tangkapan, desain konseptual.
ABSTRACT
In oil palm harvesting, falling fruit bunches have a considerable potential energy, which
can be captured and used to power the wheelbarrow in evacuating the fruit bunches. This
study was conducted to measure the engineering characteristics of fruit bunches
harvesting, determine the best fruit bunches catchment platform material, analyze the
potential energy of falling fresh fruit bunch, and design a conceptual design of the
catchment platform and evacuation machine. Measurements of the characteristics of the
harvesting were done in an oil palm plantation. Four types of fruit catchment platform
materials were tested, namely: steel plate, wood board, expanded steel plate and rubber
sheet. The results showed that, bunches fell at a distance between 0,6 1,4 m from the
tree. Fruit bunches weight was in the range of 16 32 kg. The rubber catchment platform
was superior to the other materials in reducing the scattered loose fruits and bruised fruits.
Potential energy of falling fruit bunches were in the range of 0,44 4,44 kJ. Theoretical
traveling distance of the wheel barrow powered by the captured potential energy was in
the range of 2,27 22,98 m. A conceptual design of catchment platform and evacuation
machine was designed.
Keywords: Oil palm harvesting, engineering characteristics, potential energy, catchment
platform, conceptual design.