How People Write How is Writing Different from Speech

13 English at least once a month; therefore, they need to have ability to write in acceptable English.

2.2.3 How People Write

A number of features of the list are of interest to us when we consider how people write. In the first place, the writer clearly has an audience in mind for their writing themselves. In the second place, the writer has clearly changed their mind on more than one occasion, both deleting and adding items on list. How ever, this editing of the list has only some so far in their haste they have missplet a word for accuracy. Lastly, it worth nothing the use of a foreign word eilantra obviously known to the writer. Harmer 2004: 4 – 6 suggested that the process has four main elements: 1 Planning Experienced writer plan what they are going to writer. Before starting to write or type, they try and decide what it is they going to say. Still others way not actually write down any preliminary notes at all since they may do all their planning in their heads. When planning, writers have to think about three main issues. In the first place they have to consider the purpose of their writing since this will influence amongst other things not only the type of text they wish to produce, but also the language they use, and the information they choose to include. Secondly, experienced writers think of the writing how it is laid out, how the paragraphs are structured, etc. thirdly, writes have to consider the content 14 structure of the piece – that is how best to sequence the facts, ideas, or arguments which they have decided to include. 2 Drafting We can refer to the first version of writing as a draft. This first ‘go’ at a text is often done on the assumption that it will be amended later. As the writing process into editing, a number of drafts may be produced on the way to the final version. 3 Editing reflecting and revising Once writers have produced a draft then, usually, read through what they have written to see where it works and where it doesn’t. Perhaps the order of the information is not clear. Perhaps the way some things is written is ambiguous or confusing. They may then move paragraphs around or write a new introduction. They may use a different form or words for a particular sentence. More skilled writers tend to look at issues of general meaning and overall structure before concentrating on detailed features such as individual words and grammatical accuracy. The latter two are, of course important and are often dealt with latter in the process. Reflecting and revising are often helped by other readers or editor who comment and mode suggestions. Another reader reader’s reaction to a piece of writing will help the author to make appropriate revisions. 4 Final Version Once writers have edited their draft, making the changes they consider to be necessary, they produce their final version. This may look considerably different from both the original plan and the first draft, because things have 15 changed in the editing process. But the writer is now ready to send the text to its intended audience. The process wheel below clearly shows the many directions that writers can take, either traveling backwards and forwards around the run or going up and down the wheel’s spokes. Planning drafting Final version editing Final version

2.2.4 Approaches to Writing