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1.5.1 to give description to readers how to lead other persons if they will be a leader,
1.5.2 to give information to the writer about types of leadership so that she can get a good model of leadership, and
1.5.3 to add knowledge about leadership through the biography of public figures for anyone who is interested in analyzing biography.
1.6 Scope of the Study
To limit the study and to avoid deviation in this final project, the writer focused the analysis on finding leadership in a biography entitled “Sejarah Hidup Muhammad”
written by Muhammad Husain Haekal and not leadership in other biographies.
1.7 Outline of the Study
This final project is divided into chapters and subchapters. Each chapter will discuss different matter as follows:
Chapter I provides introduction consisting of the background of the study, reasons for choosing the topic, statements of the problem, objectives of the study,
the significance of the study, the scope of the study, and outline of the study. Chapter II is about review of related literature that contains the theoretical
foundation. It discusses theories underlying the writing of the study.
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Chapter III is about the method of investigation, consisting of object of the study, types of the data, techniques of collecting data, and techniques of analyzing
data. Chapter IV is the analysis. It is the most essential part of the study because it
described how Prophet Muhammad PBUH applies his leadership to his followers. This chapter also gives a description of his good model.
Chapter V is the last chapter. It consists of conclusion and suggestion of this final project.
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Chapter II presents review of related literature, which serves the ideas and theories underlying the topic of discussion. To begin with, the writer presents the definition
of social psychology since the topic, leadership, is one of subjects, which are learned in social psychological field.
2.1 Social Psychology
In general, social psychology begins with the study of perceptions and attitudes: how people believe each other, how they interpret other people’s behavior, and how
their attitudes form and change. Social psychology discusses interactions among people. Social psychology also studies how people act in groups, and how people
affect one another and how they behave in social situations. According to Taylor, et al. 1997:4, ‘social psychology is the scientific
study of social behavior-how are the thoughts, feeling, and behaviors of individualism are influenced by other people’.
As cited by Gerungan 1983:11, Soetarno defines, ‘that socio-psychology as a science studying and investigating individual experiences and behaviors that
have been influenced or marked up by social situation’. From some quotations above, the writer concludes that social psychology is
a scientific study which discusses people’s behaviors as social creatures. This study
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includes interaction on communication between individuals to do their social function. This study also discusses about people’s behavior in a group, which
contains a leader and leadership.
2.2 Theory of Social Psychology
