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target language iii devising remedial lesson and exercise is finally; iv selecting items for testing learner’s proficiency.
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In addition, Dullay stated that studying learners’ errors serves two major
purposes. a.
It provides data from which interferences about the nature of the language learning process can be made; and
b. It indicates to the teachers and curriculum developers, which part of the target
language students have most difficulty producing correctly and which error types detract most from learners’ ability to communicate effectively.
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61
Jacek Fisiak, Loc. Cit., pp. 221—222.
62
Heidi Dullay, Op. Cit., p. 138.
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, research methodology consists of place and time of the research, method of the research, data and data source, technique of data
collecting, and technique of data analysis.
A. Place and Time of the Research
The research was held at SMAN 37 Jakarta located on Jalan Kebon Baru, Tebet Jakarta the time of the research was conducted since March to April 2012.
B. Method of the research
The writer used the descriptive analysis based on quantitative and used the procedures of error analysis itself. The method is purposed to analyze problem or
case happened at present. At first, she focused on the problem. Then she collected the data by giving the first grade students of SMAN 37 Jakarta an essay test and
analyzed them through classifying their errors in English writing into four variables as: omission, addition, misformation and misordering. Moreover, she
interpreted the data about what kind of error that mostly students made by making the percentage. The final step, the writer concluded the result of research.
C. Data and Data Source
The data source of this research is the first grade students of SMAN 37 Jakarta. There are 280-first year students from seven classes of SMAN 37 Jakarta.
Then she only took X-2 class as the data source of the research based on the advice had given by vice headmaster. The class consists of 40 students. But only
took 30 students who did the test. Because three were sick and seven were following the contest.
The data of the research is the students’ essay test. The students should make descriptive writing that were related to the topic given. The topic is about
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person, place or thing. The students are given ninety minutes to write descriptive writing. See appendix
D. Technique of Data Collecting
To collect the data, the writer applied an essay test. The writer gives essay test to the first grade of SMAN 37 Jakarta. The students had to write a descriptive
writing about the topic has been given. The procedures of the research are: 1 Firstly, she met the headmaster to get his permission to make a research in his
school. 2 One week after that she came to the vice headmaster asked about the class as a
sample that she could use it. 3 The next day, she came to the field and gave the students X-2 the essay test.
She also gave an instruction and some guidelines how to write descriptive. And the students were given the topic in that paper test.
4 Then, the students did the test in the classroom for 90 minutes. 5 Next, she collected their essay test.
6 After that, she analyzed their works in order to find the error that made by students. Those are omission, addition, misformation and misordering.
7 Finally, she counted total error and made the percentage of error.
E. Technique of Data Analysis
The techniques of data analysis consist of: 1. Classification. After the essay test was collected. The students’ errors made
were classified based on the types of error and causes of error. 2. Coding. After classified the errors were given the code based on the types of
error and causes of error. 3. Tabulating. After the errors were given the code. The results of types of error
and causes of error were tabulated into their descriptions. 4. Calculating. After that, the results of types of error and causes of error were
calculated.
