4. Meaning Change
Djajasudarma states that the determination of a word to represent one thing, depending on their meaning. However, as the time goes by, the words can
be changed. The changes that occur because of several factors, they are: 1.
Linguistic factors linguistic causes, related to morphology, phonology and syntax.
2. Historical factors historical causes.
3. Social factors social causes.
4. Psychological factors psychological causes tangible and emotive factors
ha-taboo which comes out of fear, modesty and subtlety. 5.
Effect of foreign languages. 6.
Because of the need for new words. According to Ullmann, meaning of the word changes can occur
due to several factors such as:
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a. Language passed down from one generation to another. Therefore, it is
very possible misunderstanding in the meaning of words. b.
Fuzziness vagueness the meaning of a word is also one of the causes of change in the meaning of the word.
c. Said, who are too restrictive in its environment can also turn away
from the true meaning. d.
The existence of polysemy adds flexibility in the language factor.
17
Stephen Ullmann, Semantics: An Introduction to the Science of Meaning London: Oxford University Press, 1972 p. 193-195.
e. Ambiguity ambiguity the meaning of a word can also cause changes
in the semantics of the word. f.
Vocabulary structure that is easier to change than the phonological and grammatical system of the language.
Thus,the theories can be concluded that the meaning can possibly change, and the changes that occur in the meaning depends on various factors.
B. THE CONCEPT OF IMPLICIT MEANING
1. Implicit Meaning
Larson describes that the implicit meaning is the meaning which is not shown but it is a part in the conversation or to convey the speaker in a diferent
way.
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In the process of understanding the implicit meaning, responders must strive into a proper translation, among others, by means of shadowing or
translation. Also, they should know certain things to be a reference, situation and context. Knowledge of the context will help the responders to capture the precise
translation. Besides, in Semantik: Pengantar Studi Tentang Makna, Aminuddin
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quoting Samuel and Kiefer that the meaning can be differentiated between the implied and inferred meaning, which is read to understand the implied meaning of
the phrase and reading between the lines that is read to understand the implied meaning implicit.
18
Mildred L. Larson, loc. cit., p. 34
19
Aminuddin, op. cit,.p. 92.
Morover, Aminuddin continues in order to the responders can approach the translation properly, every translator should aware of its association. Here are
some rules regarding to implicit information according to Aminuddin:
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a. The characteristics and internal elements of language.
b. Social and cultural systems that underlie.
c. User, either as speakers or as responders.
d. Characteristics of information and variety of speech being delivered.
2. Kinds of Implicit
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