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D. Data Gathering Techniques
The writer used two kinds of questionnaires and conducted an interview to obtain the data. To obtain the data about the learners’ needs, the writer distributed the
first questionnaire to 38 seventh grade students of SMP N 8 Yogyakarta. An interview with one of the first grade English teachers was also administered to
complete the data. Both of them were done in April 2006. The data were used to design the supplementary reading materials. After designing the materials, the second
questionnaire was distributed to four English teachers of SMP N 8 Yogyakarta and a lecturer of the English Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. The
purpose was to collect feedback on the proposed materials design in the forms of opinions, suggestions, and ideas. Based on the evaluation, the writer made the best
final version of the reading instructional materials design.
E. Data Analysis Techniques
The data were obtained from the questionnaires and an interview. The first data were collected to identify the needs of the learners. The first questionnaire
included some questions about students’ interest in learning reading, the topics and activities they are interested in, and the difficulties in learning reading. The data from
the questionnaire were presented in percentage calculate. Here is the formula.
100 ×
= n
x N
x : The number of students who choose a certain answer
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n : The total number of students 38 students
N : The percentage of expected opinion from the students
The next data were gathered using the second questionnaire. It assessed personal judgment toward topics by presenting a set of statements about the topics
and asking respondents to indicate for each whether they strongly agree, agree, undecided, disagree, or strongly disagree Ary et al., 2002: 224. The assessment of
respondents’ opinions on the designed materials used five points of agreement as presented in Table 2.
Table 2 Points of Agreement on the Designed Materials
Points of Agreement Meaning
1 Strongly disagree
2 Disagree
3 Doubtful
4 Agree
5 Strongly Agree
The data from the respondents were analyzed to find out the mean. The mean is an average of all the scores in a distribution. The average points were found by
adding all the scores and dividing with the number of the respondents. The respondents’ opinions on the designed materials were presented in Table 3.
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Table 3 Respondents’ Opinions on the Designed Materials Blank
Frequency of the Points of Agreement
The Central Tendency
No Respondents’ Opinion
1 2
3 4
5 N
Mean
The average points were calculated using the following formula:
Ν Χ
= Χ
∑
Note: X
: the average point ? X
: the sum of all the scores N
: The number of respondents
F. Research Procedures
Kategori