Modals “May” and “Might”

 Japan’s Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency said while the plutonium levels were not harmful to human health, the discovery could mean the reactor’s containment mechanism had been breached.

3.2.2 Modals “May” and “Might”

From the data above, there are 7 modals “may” and “might”. There are 2 modals “may” and 1 modals “might” expressing possibility. There is no modals “can” and “could” expressing ask for permission, give for permission. There are 2 modals “may” and no modals “might” expressing hopes. There are 1 modals “may” and 1 modals “might” to describe chances. a. Expressing possibility  They believe some of the plutonium may have come from spent fuel rods at Fukushima or damage to reactor No. 3, the only one to use plutonium in its fuel mix.  It also predicted that the acreage for corn and wheat would grow, although the increases would be lower than they might have been without the competition from cotton. b. To express request, wishes, and hopes  But this time, the U.S. economy may be better prepared for higher fuel costs.  The trucking industry may also be better prepared for an oil shock than it was 2008. Universitas Sumatera Utara c. To describe Chances  Workers at Fukushima may have to struggle for weeks or months under extremely dangerous conditions to re-start cooling systems vital to control the reactors and avert total meltdown.  The energy crisis has even led officials to consider the unthinkable: instituting daylight saving time, something they have previously declined to adopt because it might cause confusion. 3.2.3 Modals “Shall” and “Should” From the data above, there are 6 modals “shall” and “should”. There is no modals “shall” found in the nine articles. There are 3 modals “should” expressing the idea of avoidable obligation, 1 modals “should” is used to a possible event or situation and 2 modals “should” is used to say something that was expected has not happened. a. Should expresses the idea of avoidable obligation  After their original construction plans, Neckarwestheim 1 and Biblis A, which started operations 36 and 35 years ago respectively, should have been shut down late 2010.  He shouldn’t be allowed to ngotiate to stao on in Tripoli. b. Should is used to a possible event or situation  In the afermath of the disaster at Japan’s Fukushima plant, Merkel has turned round to the view that the other 15 nuclear power plants should undergo an “immediate tough safety control”. c. Should is used to say something that was expected has not happened. Universitas Sumatera Utara  His only option should be to leave. 3.2.4 Modals “Will” and “Would” From the data above, there are 74 modals “will” and “would”. There are 9 modals “will” expressing futurnity, 7 expressing promise and 25 expreesing strong determination. There is no modals “will” is used when we decide to do something while working, polite request and to make someone do something. There are 5 modals “would” are used as the past form of will in reported speech, 4 expressing polite request, 8 expressing the result of a condition in a contrary to fact situation, 15 expressing strong determination and 1 expressing preference. There is no modals “would” expressing habitual action in the past and someone’s willingness to do something. a. Will is used to express futurnity  Indonesia and Japan will co-host the ASEAN Regional Forum Disaster Relief Exercise ARF Direx 2011 to be held at several locations in North Sulawesi province, Defense Ministry officials said Wednesday.  On Thursday, the department will release an updated forecast, based on a survey of farmers.  The exercise will also take place in several areas take place in several areas around Manado such as the islands of Bunaken and Siladen Mantehage as well as Sam Ratulangi International Airport, Bitung seaport and Maasing viilage, which is located in the coastal area of Minahasa Utara regency. Universitas Sumatera Utara b. Will is used to promise  BP will offer its expertise in deep-sea drilling and technology, a signal that the accident last year had not affected its ability or desire to continue to drill in deep water.  A recovery will gradually begin to take hold in third quarter, he said, as the need to rebuild the northeast portion of Japan’s main island, Honshu, acts as a major economic stimulus.  The exercise will consist of table-top and field exercises, will show the flow of the chain of command from exercise managers to field operators, while the field exercise will simulate a real disaster relief operation. c. Will is used to express strong determination  Untill all the lost or suspended generating capacity is replaced, economists say, factories will operate at reduced levels, untold numbersof cars and other products will go unbuilt and legions of shoppers will cut back their buying all taking a big toll on the Japanese economy.  It will erode confidence and discretionary purchasing power. d. Would expresses the result of a condition in a contrary to fact situation. It followed by an if clause.  If gas reaches 4, Mr. Undeberg, a discipline clerk at Lake Weir Middle School, said he would scale back his cable television package and cut his cellphone use.  If authorized, this would make a total of 54.5 billion in nuclear loan guarantees. Universitas Sumatera Utara e. Would is used to express strong determination  But Kazuharu Aizawa, a spokesman for the Environment Ministry, noted that more than 62 percent of Japanese had adopted the Cool Biz air conditioning goal, so the room for additional energy savings this summer through turning up thermostat would be limited.  Last week, Prime Minister Vladimir V. Putin of Russia expressed frustration, saying that Bphad offered false assurances that the Roseneft agrrement would not violate BP’s contracts with its other Russian partners. f. Would is used to preference  Mr. Toyoda said policy makers would aim most conservation measures at consumers, rather than businesses, because households’ share of electricity consumption has been rising for decades.

3.2.5 Modals “Must” and “Ought to”