Northern France and had acquired a Northern French dialect. Norman noblemen took over the land of British Isles and Norman Clergymen took over the highest position in
the church. Therefore, the language of the King’s court, government, law, and literature was French for several countries in British Isles. However, that English was
still spoken by British citizen whether native British dweller or immigrants. But they accidentally learned French while interacting with French-speaking Norman or
French –speaking residents. French words absorption and assimilation into English happened from 1100 to 1500 A.D. Most of absorbed words were words related to
political role of overlord, aristocratic, and other words of other different aspects. In conclusion, English absorbed many French words as the English developed in British
Isles.
2.2 History of American English
American English is the form of English used in United States. English was firstly introduced to America in 17
th
century by British subjects colonizing the East Coast of North America. They colonized for farming the land of America and they finally
settled in East Coast of North America as mixing with previous settlers namely German, French, Dutch, Norwegian, Spanish, Swedish, Scots, Welsh, Irish, Scottish,
Gaelic, and Finnish. In short, before the colonization by British subject and others to North America, there were already some Native American settlers lived in North
America of United States. British subjects are the English carriers to East Coast of North America. They
settled on East Coast of North America in 17
th
century in which German and French
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are the met settlers on East Coast of North America. On account of their colonization to East Coast, ninety percent of East Coast dwellers are British subjects. Therefore,
English becomes commonly spoken language for interaction among dwellers of different origin. However, English stands variety on account of various origins of
British subjects and also the settler’s raising from other country. Basically, they were eager to move to America specially North America because they farm the America
land. English used in America is influenced by native language such as Native American place names. For examples: Allegheny, Chicago, Mississippi, and Potomac
and also Native American names for things not found in Europe or Asia. For example: moose, opossum, squash, moccasin, tomatiawk, and totem. And some of
Native American words were spelled into English spoken by British subjects such as the word, Wuchak becomes Woodchuck. Therefore, English carried by British
subjects, gets variety on account of various settlers’ origin and also gets influences from Native American language.
People from Ireland and Northern Europe settled with British settlers in the 18
th
century. Therefore, there were numerous amount of Ireland, Northern Europe and British settlers living in East Coast of North America. Living in America by
American revolution time in 1775 until 1783. Some European settlers established the new settlement as separated settlement such as Pennsylvania Germans but most
European settlers mixed with British settlers and they contributed some of their own words into American English for instance the words, pumpkin, bayou, and bureau
from French; cookie, waffle, and boss. From Dutch, Pietzel, Pinochle, and Phooey
from German. Scottish and Irish also influenced the American settlers with r
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pronunciation after vowel in which in Scottish and Irish. It was pronounced
meanwhile British subjects often neglect the r pronunciation after vowel. But in fact,
American settlers whether British subjects or other European settlers pronounced the
r after vowel in a word for instance in the word car, far
Many Africans were imported as slaves throughout the East Coast of North America. By the American Revolution, one quarter of American population consisted
of African Americans. Ninety five percent of African Americans lived in plantation area and slaves were not allowed to share with Gevecoeur’s Native American.
Therefore, they learned American English from their leader, overseers, and other slaves on plantations. Some slaves have developed Creole language, Native American
languages in which combinated with other settler’s languages and gradually many African words were also absorbed into American English. For example: the words,
gumbo, okra, voodoo, etc. , etc. Therefore, American
English brought by British subjects also got influences from other European languages such as French, Dutch, German, Scottish, and Irish.
Many settlers moved into the West part of America during 19
th
and 20
th
century. This happened because North America is fully dominated by the French, the Spanish,
and the Native Americans. In addition, many settlers also moved into the urban area in order to work in industry as the industry sector developed. Therefore, during this
term, farm and industry were main factor of America colonization. Some city immigrants during these area immigrants still preserved their own native language
but others often mixed their original language with the met language. For example, Northern European settled in West and Southwest of America, adapted and
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influenced Spanish-speaking settlers who were already there previously. Spanish also donates some words for American English for instance the words, enchilada, pueblo,
sombrero, tortilla, alfalfa, cockroach, marina, plaza, and ranch. In conclusion, settlers moved to west part of America or to industry area during 19
th
and 20
th
century also adapted and influenced the previous language met in immigration area.
Scandinavians established homesteads in the upper Midwest. Scandinavians donated some words for American English, for instance, The Wads, Kosher, Kibitz,
etc. Polish immigrants settled in Chicago. Polish Immigrants contributed The Words, Kielbasa, Pierogi, etc. Chinese immigrants settled in San Francisco or Los Angeles.
They donated The Wads, Chow Mein, Mahjong, etc. Italians immigrants, settled in many cities of America, contributed the ward, spaghetti, pizza, etc. Finally, settlers,
derived from various different countries, besides settled in America, they also influenced the Native American language by contributing their original words into
Native American language and they also adapted their native language with Native American Language. These Mutual influences gradually established a language called
American English.
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3. SOME DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH
3.1 Differences in Vocabulary between British and American English
