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IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Land Cover Changes Assessment
Three Landsat TM images were used to assess the land-cover changes of the study area. All of these images had same images analysis processes and
coverage area as well. It started from image registration and correction, natural difference vegetation index NDVI calculation, and visual image classification.
Figure 4.1 Satellite imagery of Landsat TM and calculated NDVI. The images above show the satellite image stand with the normalize
difference vegetation index NDVI. The values of NDVI are varying from 0 to 1, where the pixels that have value close to zero mean less vegetation and close to
one is vegetated area. The images were taken from different seasons; the images on 1990 and 2009 are acquired on wet season while 2001 was acquired on dry
season. These conditions are resulted significant difference of NDVI values. The image that is acquired on the wet season give NDVI values between 0.3 to 0.9
while dry season images has smaller range of NDVI values 0.3 to 0.7.
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4.1.1 Land Cover Maps from Landsat Data
Three multi temporal images were used to identify land-cover of the study area. Figure 4.2 show the land cover on 1990 coverage area of each class on Palu
Catchment. The land cover map of 1990 show that 71.3 of Palu Catchment was covered by forest, 13.6 by shrub land, 10.7 agriculture land, 1.6 barren
land, 1.5 by water body, and 1.4 by buildup areasettlement. Forest covers were mostly found on the upper side of the catchment that is part of protected
forest of Lore Lindu National Park. The upper side of Palu Catchment is area with mountains and steep slope characteristics. On the upper side of the catchment,
there is a lake namely Lindu Lake. During this period, most populations ware settled on the lowland close to the Palu
Bay that is a capital of Central Sulawesi Province. Small-scale populations were settled scattered along the way of Palu–Kulawi and Palu-Nopu. Most of the local
peoples are working as a farmer, so the agricultural lands were found along its way.
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