Watershed Systems Hydrological Characteristic in a Watershed

18 18 Table 3.1 Population on sub-district level across the sub-basin CODE Subdistrict Male Female Householder 7210110 Dolo 10,101 10,116 5,046 7210090 Dolo barat 6,145 7,184 3,423 7210080 Dolo selatan 8,641 7,976 4,070 7210030 Kulawi 7,468 6,991 3,691 7210020 Kulawi selatan 4,576 4,529 2,233 7210040 Lindu 2,398 2,359 1,174 7210130 Marawola 10,207 9,815 4,188 7210140 Marawola barat 5,423 5,461 2,883 7210060 Palolo 13,838 12,840 7,112 7210120 Sigi biromaru 19,577 19,163 10,270 7271010 Palu barat 44,179 44,194 19,782 7271020 Palu selatan 50,041 51,766 22,658 7271040 Lore utara 4,941 4,321 2,233 Jumlah 187,535 186,715 88,763 Source: National Statistical Bureau, 2009

3.2 Data Availability

3.2.1 Raster and Vector Datasets

Time series of satellite images of Landsat were used to estimate the land cover changes. Three different acquiring times of Landsat imagery were used to analyze the land cover changes. The imageries were acquired in 1990, 2001, 2007 and 2009. The imageries data are available to download freely at U.S. Department of the Interiors U.S. Geological survey USGS at the global visualization viewer website http:glovis.usgs.gov . The images consist of eight electromagnetic channels including visible, near infrared, middle infrared, thermal, middle thermal 2 and panchromatic, except the images on 1990 that only have five electromagnetic channels. Besides of Landsat images, other raster data were used for analysis. The elevation data of SRTM Shuttle Radar Terrain Mission were obtained from USGS. It has approximately 90 meters of spatial accuracy. The elevation data were used to delineate the watershed on the study site. 19 19 Table 3.2 List of used datasets Landsat ETM WRS: PR Acquisition Date Data Format 116061 16121990 GeoTiff 116061 24082001 GeoTiff 116061 17102009 GeoTiff DEM Ground Resolution m Data Format SRTM 92 ESRI Grid Others Data Sources Data Format Reconnaissance soil map Scale 1:50,000 PUSDIKTANAK Shape Files Topographic Map Geospatial Information Agency Vector Provincial Spatial Development Plan National Land Agency Shapefiles and Hardcopy Rainfall BMKG and PU SDA Tabular hard copy River Discharge PU SDA Tabular hard copy Meteorological data BMKG and PU SDA Tabular hard copy Population Statistics Bureau Hard Copy

3.2.2 Meteorology and Climate Datasets

Meteorological data were collected during field data recording process. The collected meteorological data came from two observation agencies; Meteorological, Geophysical, and Climatology agency BMKG and Ministry of Public Work for water resources management. Both of these government agencies have rainfall observation stations that spreading around the Palu Catchment. The number of rain gauge data were collected during field campaign is 10 rain gages station with 20 years of rainfall data recording period. According to these agencies, the rainfall observation devices divided into two types; manual and automatic data logger. The automatic observation device is recording the rainfall data every 1 hour and for manual devices, the officers were recording the data once per day. In summary, the locations of the rain gauge stations on the study area as shown in Figure 3.3.