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d. The Factors That Influence Listening
In this part, the researcher discusses some factors that influence listening. The researcher divides the factors into two categories, 1 factors from the
listeners and 2 factors from the speaker. In listening to native speaker or non- native speaker of English, these variables are defined as the factors that determine
the process in listening comprehension.
1 From the Speakers
There are some factors from the speaker ‟s speaking that influence the
learners in perceiving the listening comprehension. The researcher specifies them as follows:
a. The Speed
When a person listens to hisher own native language, heshe usually has no problem with the speed and understands without effort. Anderson and Lynch
1988, p. 22 also stated that the attention when listening to native language is focused on the meaning the speaker is trying to convey rather than language
sound the speaker is producing. With large number of different speakers, with different voices and accents,
speed is one aspect that can influence the listeners understanding. The speed is influenced by the accent of the speaker. For example, Russians tend to speak very
fast in their native language. As a result, they also tend to speak fast in English.
b. The Clarity of the S
peaker’s Speech
Brownell 1996 states that the clarity of the message and other speaker variables affect
someone‟s listening ability. The clarity of the speaker‟s speaking
17 is seen from two points of view: the clarity of information organization delivered
by the speaker and also the clarity of the pronunciation. The clarity of the organization includes how the speakers delivers the
information or ideas. For example, the speaker delivers his speech with jumping or organized ideas. On the other hand, the clarity of the pronunciation also needs
to be concerned. The non-native English speaker tends to pronounce the words less clearly as the native speakers. It is supported by Ari 2010, p. 1093 who
stated that most non-native speakers have accents and the accents seem less credible.
2 From the Listeners
Besides the factors from the speakers, there are also some factors that come from the listener. The listener is the individual who processes the
information heshe hears. Factors that determine the students‟ achievement in
listening comprehension are such follows.
a. The Motivation
The motivation is the fundamental aspect that influences a student to perceive any learning. Cegala 1981 and Daly and McCroskey 1984 in
Brownell 1996, p. 50 state that motivation becomes the key to concentration and accurate interpretation. Thus, when students are motivated to devote their effort
and energy to the activity and connect what the speakers in the videos said with their personal needs and interest, they could improve their listening skill.
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