21
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter deals with methodology used by the researcher to obtain the data needed to anwer the research problems. This chapter is divided into six parts.
There are research method, research participants, research instruments, data gathering techniques, data analysis techniques, and research procedures. The
methodology research is done to answer the two research questions in this study.
A. Research Method
In this study, the researcher combined both types of quantitative and qualitative research as the approach to answer two research questions. Best and
Kahn 2006, p. 271 stated that, one research that often uses both types of research methodologies qualitative and quantitative is survey research. Further, it is also
explained that a survey could contain questions that provide quantitative response and also ask questions that result in qualitative data.
It is also supported by Creswell 2015, p. 19, who stated that both quantitative and qualitative data might employ similar approaches, such as
interview or questionnaire. Quantitative approaches use the closed-ended responses categories e.g., strongly agree, strongly disagree, agree and disagree,
such as in the questionnaire. On the other hand, qualitative approaches use open-
22 ended approaches to ask general question to the participants such as in the
interview. Creswell 2015, p. 13 states that one of characteristics in quantitative data
is to collect the data in the form of number using instruments with preset question and response e.g., questionnaire. On the other hand, in qualitative research, the
data is collected based on words e.g., interview from small numbers of individuals.
B. Research Participants
This research was conducted in semester four academic year 20132014 The participants of this research were students of Critical Listening and Speaking
2 CLS 2 class B and class E from English Language Education Study Program in Sanata Dharma University. Before taking CLS 2, the students had taken some
courses related to the listening course. The courses are Basic Listening, Intermediate Listening, and Critical Listening and Speaking 1. Class B and class E
were handled by two different lecturers. The total participants who filled the questionnaires were forty six students
coming from Class B and Class E which included eleven males and thirty five females. Then, the participants for the interview were four students and two
lecturers. The researcher interviewed one student from Class E and three students from class B. In selecting the interviewees, the researcher referred to the
participants ‟ responses in the questionnaire results. The sampling of the