2.1.6 English for Specific Purpose ESP
According to Tom Hutchinson and Alan Waters 1987:21, ESP is an approach to language teaching which aims to meet the needs of particular learners.
This means in practice that much of the work done by ESP teachers is concerned with designing appropriate courses for various groups of learners.
They also stated that designing a course is fundamentally a matter of asking questions in order to provide a reasoned basis for the subsequent processes
of syllabus design, materials writing, classroom teaching and evaluation. We can use Kipling’s ‘honest serving men’ to outline the basic questions. We need to
know: • Why does the students need to learn?
• Who is going to be involved in the process? This will need to cover not just the student, but all the people who may have some effect on the process; teachers,
sponsors, inspectors etc. • Where is the learning to take place. What potential does the place provide?
What limitations does it impose? • When is the learning to take place? How much time is available? How will it be
distributed? • What does the student need to learn? What aspects of language will be needed
and how will they be described? What level of proficiency must be achieved? What topic areas will need to be covered?
• How will the learning be achieved? What learning theory will underlie the course What kind of methodology will be employed?
We can consider the questions under three main headings: Language descriptions, Theories of learning and Needs analysis. We might represent their
relationship as follows:
syllabus methodology
nature of particular target and learning situation
Figure 2.3: Factors affecting ESP course design
ESP is a suitable approach for vocational high school students since they have particular needs, for example: industrial electronics students. They need to
know many things related to the industrial electronics field, one of the examples is
WHAT? Language
descriptions HOW?
Learning theories
ESP COURSE
WHO? WHY?
WHERE? WHEN?
Needs
the instruction of combining some machines into a series in which the instruction is written in English. In this case, the students need to master English well to
comprehend the meaning of the instruction. So, it is good to teach them English in which the materials are related to industrial electronics matters as their specific
purpose is in industrial electronics engineering.
2.1.7 Industrial Electronics Engineering
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