CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
In regard to search the information required for this study, this chapter presents such topics as: background of study, statement of problem, purpose of
study, significance of study, scope and limitation, and definition of key terms. Each section is presented as below:
1.1 Background of Study
Nowadays, English is a language that is used as global communication. As an international language, English has an important role in the communication
process. Every people in the world use English to communicate each other. Moreover, English has also become a universal language that is used in any
aspect in our lives, such as in the sector of technology, education, health, politic, commerce, etc. Therefore, every people are expected to be able to
master English. In Indonesia, as a first foreign language, English has commonly been used
in the daily interaction besides Indonesian and also the mother tongue, such as on the job, school, or society. Moreover, someone who often uses English in
her or his daily interaction considered to be someone who has high intelligence level. Based on the statement above, we know that having English
ability is an important thing. Thus, English is necessary to be introduced or studied in the early age. Based on it, in the educational system in Indonesia,
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English becomes the first foreign language that is taught as a compulsory subject in elementary up to university level.
In the learning process, English learning focuses on the activity that can develop and train 4 basic skills of language: listening, writing, reading, and
speaking. Listening is a process of receiving what the speaker actually says Rost, 2002.
This process helps us to recognize the proper pronunciation and also understand the meaning of what the speaker is saying. The next skill is
writing, writing is a form of communication to deliver thought or to express feeling through written form Harmer in Budiani, 2014. Furthermore, reading
is decoding and understanding text for particular reader purposes Cline et.al, 2006. The last skill is speaking; the verbal use of language to communicate
with other Fulcher, 2003. Talking about learning process, of course cannot be separated with
curriculum because both of them has relevance with each other. According to the Government Regulation No 20 year 2003 section 1 letter 19, curriculum is
a set of plan and systematization about purpose, content and lesson material also the method that is used as manual coordination of learning activity to get
the purpose of certain education. Therefore, we know that all of learning processes are based on curriculum. Historically, the curriculum in Indonesia
has been amended for several times, that is: 1947 Curriculum, 1952 Curriculum, 1964 Curriculum, 1968 Curriculum, 1975 Curriculum, 1984
Curriculum, 1994 Curriculum supplement of 1999 Curriculum, 2004 Curriculum Competence based Curriculum, 2006 Curriculum School based
Curriculum, and the last is 2013 Curriculum. The 2013 Curriculum is
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completing of the previously curriculum School based Curriculum. This curriculum expected can solve the situation that faced by education field.
The success of the learning process in the classroom is not only determined by curriculum, but there are also some other factors that influence
it. These factors include the learners, the teacher, the method and the material, most of the material of learning based on the textbook. With the textbook as
supporting lesson will help students to learn better, faster, clearer, and easier. Moreover, textbook also help teachers to do their job better, easier and
organized. Materials on the textbook are based on the curriculum in force. As we know, that English teaching materials meant to train the 4 basic
skills of language which include: listening, writing, reading, and speaking. Among all the four basic skills, the speaking ability is very important basic
skill to be master. That is because the speaking ability is a barometer of a person ability to master English. But in fact, the speaking ability is the most
difficult skill to learn by students. It can be seen by the fact that learning activities in the material of speaking which should have made the students
actively participate in the learning process, but most of students tend to be still passive and role of the teacher is still more dominating than the students.
Therefore, through the use of a scientific approach to the material contained in the existing activities in the textbook of 2013 Curriculum expected to
create active learning, creative, fun and character. The above explanation is based on the theoritical consideration.
Empirically, many researcher for example Kurniasari 2009, Aning 2009 and Pratiwi 2010. Kurniasari 2009 analyzed the teaching learning
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activities of speaking skill in English textbook for second year junior high school on the 2006 English Curriculum. She used descriptive research design.
The samples are The Bridge English Competence by Yudhistira, English on Sky by Erlangga and English in Focus By Ministry of National Education.
She found that the three the textbook can be used in the teaching learning process at junior high school because each of the textbook already presented
various teaching learning activities especially in teaching speaking. Aning 2009 analyzed the teaching learning activities of reading
comprehension in English textbook for first year junior high school. She used descriptive research design. The samples are English on Sky by Erlangga, The
Bridge English Competence by Yudhistira and Flying Start by ESIS. She found that Flying Start by ESIS has the most varieties of teaching learning
activities of reading comprehension and English on Sky by Erlangga has the fewest varieties of teaching learning activities of reading comprehension
among the three textbook. Pratiwi 2010 analyzed the teaching learning activities of speaking in
English textbook for the first year of junior high school based on the 2006 Curriculum. She used descriptive research design. The samples are The
Bridge English Competence by Yudhistira, English on Sky by Erlangga and Flying Start by ESIS. She found that English on Sky by Erlangga has the most
varieties of teaching learning activities of speaking and Flying Start by ESIS has the fewest varieties of teaching learning activities of speaking among the
three textbook.
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Based on the previous researchers above, all writers analyzed about the textbook that was still based on the 2006 English Curriculum. There is no
research on the textbook about new curriculum the 2013 Curriculum. Therefore, the writer wants to analyze the textbook “When English Rings The
Bell” that based on the 2013 English Curriculum in terms of speaking activities.
1.2 Statement of Problem
