3. Results
3.1. Experiment series A Table 3 summarizes the effects of the various amino acid based test solutions on the
Ž .
FI of striped bass. Significant P - 0.05 increases in feed intake over the basal were Ž
. achieved with the MHI and NAA treatments RFI s 161.4 and 174.5, respectively .
When the NAA group was further subdivided to the NENAA and the ENAA groups, Ž
. Ž
both yielded a significant P - 0.05 increase in feed intake RFI s 128.3 and 124.3, .
Ž .
respectively over the basal, equal to that of the NAA group 121.5 . Significant Ž
. P - 0.05 decreases in feed intake over the basal were observed with the SAA and
Ž .
AAA treatments RFI s 71.5 and 64.8, respectively . 3.2. Experiment series B
Ž .
In experiment B1 Table 4 , significant increases in feed intake over the agar-gel Ž
. Ž
. basal were observed in fish fed 0.5 FM
P - 0.03 , AMAA P - 0.03 , AAA
Ž .
Ž .
Ž .
Ž .
P - 0.01 , ENAA P - 0.05 , fish solubles
P - 0.0003 , NAA P - 0.0001 , NE-
Ž .
Ž .
NAA P - 0.0001 and 20AA P - 0.0001 . Fish fed the 20AA supplemented diet had a significantly higher intake when compared to all treatments except to the NENAA
treatment. In experiment B2, from the neutral amino acid groups, only the NENAA Ž
. group elicited a significant positive response P - 0.003 , although the full complement
Table 3 Ž .
Ž .
a
Average feed intake FI in body weightrday and relative feed intake RFI of striped bass fed either the
Ž .
Ž .
basal or the test diets in series A experiments A1, A2, A3 and A4 . Means ns 3 sharing the same letter are Ž
. not significantly different by LSD comparison P - 0.05
b
Diet Experiment A1
Experiment A2 Experiment A3
Experiment A4 Ž .
Ž . Ž .
Ž . FI
RFI FI
RFI FI
RFI FI
RFI Basal
1.53a 100.0
2.27b 100.0
2.70b 100.0
2.47a 100.0
MHI 2.47b
161.4 –
– –
– –
– 20AA
1.73a 113.1
– –
2.76b 102.2
– –
NAA 2.67b
174.5 –
– –
– 3.00b
121.5 AAA
– –
1.47a 64.8
– –
– –
BAA –
– 1.80ab
79.3 –
– –
– ARAA
– –
2.17b 95.6
– –
– –
SAA –
– –
– 1.93a
71.5 –
– AMAA
– –
– –
2.07ab 76.7
– –
ENAA –
– –
– –
– 3.07b
124.3 NENAA
– –
– –
– –
3.17b 128.3
Pooled SEM 0.21
0.17 0.23
0.17
a
Ž .
RFI s test diet FIrbasal FI =100; no statistical analyses conducted.
b
Abbreviations: see text.
Table 4 Ž .
Ž . Ž
.
a
Feed intake FI , probability of being significantly different from the basal P and relative feed intake RFI Ž
. Ž
. of striped bass fed either the basal or the test diets experiment B1 . Geometric means ns 4; meanSE
Ž .
sharing the same letter are not significantly different by LSD comparison P - 0.05
b
Ž .
Ž . Diet
FI body weightrday P
Relative intake Basal
0.25–0.40a –
100.0 ARAA
0.35–0.55ab 0.2857
137.5 SAA
0.35–0.57ab 0.2586
140.6 BAA
0.36–0.57ab 0.2410
140.6
c
Ž .
FM 0.5 0.49–0.79 b
0.0275 196.9
AMAA 0.50–0.80b
0.0265 196.9
AAA 0.55–0.86bc
0.0142 212.5
d
ENAA 0.49–0.93bcd
0.0474 212.5
c,d
Ž .
Fish solubles 2 0.82–1.86cde
0.0003 371.9
NAA 1.01–1.63de
0.0001 403.1
NENAA 1.50–2.42ef
0.0001 596.9
20AA 2.02–3.27f
0.0001 803.1
a
Ž .
RFI s mean test diet FIrmean basal FI =100; no statistical analyses conducted.
b
Abbreviations: see text.
c
Omega Protein, Reedville, VA.
d
Ž .
ENAA, ns 2; Fish solubles 2 , ns 3. Table 5
Ž . Ž .
Average feed intake FI , probability of being significantly different from the basal P and relative feed intake Ž
.
a
Ž .
Ž RFI
of striped bass fed either the basal or the test diets experiment B2 . Geometric means ns 7;
. Ž
. meanSE sharing the same letter are not significantly different by LSD comparison P - 0.05
b
Ž .
Ž . Diet
FI body weightrday P
Relative intake Basal
1.16–1.86bcd –
100.0 ATP
0.60–0.96a 0.0317
51.7 Cit
0.74–1.19ab 0.1371
63.9 ADP
0.82–1.32ab 0.2521
70.7 AMP
1.01–1.62abc 0.6434
87.1 Pro
1.14–1.82bc 0.9407
98.0 ENAA
1.17–1.87bcd 0.9820
100.7 Tau
1.26–2.01bcde 0.7934
108.2 Lac
1.53–2.44cdef 0.3726
131.3 Gly
1.57–2.51cdefg 0.3290
134.7 TMAO
1.68–2.69cdefgh 0.2282
144.2 NAA
2.07–3.32defgh 0.0634
178.2 Bet
2.16–3.46efghi 0.0454
186.4 Ser
2.37–3.79fghi 0.0204
204.1 IMP
2.75–4.40ghi 0.0056
236.7 NENAA
2.97–4.75hi 0.0028
255.1 Ala
2.97–4.75hi 0.0027
255.1 20AA
3.76–6.01ij 0.0002
323.1
c
Ž .
FM 15 6.14–9.82j
0.0001 528.6
a
Ž .
RFI s mean test diet FIrmean basal FI =100; no statistical analyses conducted.
b
Abbreviations: see text.
c
Omega Protein, Reedville, VA.
Table 6 Ž .
Ž . Average feed intake FI , probability of being significantly different from the basal P and relative feed intake
Ž .
a
Ž .
Ž .
RFI of striped bass fed either the basal or the test diets experiment B3 . Means ns6 sharing the same
Ž .
letter are not significantly different by LSD comparison P - 0.05
b
Ž .
Ž . Diet
FI body weightrday P
Relative intake Basal
2.77a –
100.00 Ala-Ser
6.89b 0.0050
248.70 NENAA
7.89b 0.0008
284.80 20AA
8.02b 0.0006
289.50
c
Ž .
FM 15 11.50c
0.0001 415.20
Ala-Ser-IMP-Bet 11.94c
0.0001 431.00
Pooled SEM 1.37
a
Ž .
RFI s mean test diet FIrmean basal FI =100; no statistical analyses conducted.
b
Abbreviations: see text.
c
Omega Protein, Reedville, VA.
Ž .
of the NAA also increased FI marginally P - 0.06, Table 5 . When the NENAA group was further subdivided to its constituents, significant increases in FI over the basal were
Ž .
Ž .
observed in fish fed Ala P - 0.003
and Ser P - 0.02 . In addition, only IMP
Ž .
Ž .
P - 0.006 and Bet P - 0.05 significantly increased the FI of bass from the individ- Ž
. Ž
. ual compounds tested Table 5 . Fish fed FM 15 had the highest feed intake, being
Ž .
significantly higher P - 0.05
than all other treatments except from fish fed the Ž
. Ž
. complete set of the amino acids 20AA . Results from experiment B3 Table 6 indicate
that all treatments were significantly different from the basal. Fish fed a mixture of Ala, Ž
. Ser, IMP and Bet or FM 15 performed better than fish fed 20AA, NENAA or a
Ž .
Ž .
mixture of Ala and Ser P - 0.05 . In experiment B4 Table 7 , the highest feed
consumption was obtained with bass fed the Ala-Ser-IMP-Bet mixture. Omission of Ž
. either IMP or Bet resulted in non-significant decreases in feed intake P 0.05 , while
Ž .
omission of both Ala and Ser resulted in a significant decrease in feed intake P - 0.05 .
Table 7 Ž .
Ž . Average feed intake FI , probability of being significantly different from the basal P and relative feed intake
Ž .
a
Ž .
Ž .
RFI of striped bass fed either the basal or the test diets experiment B4 . Means ns10 sharing the same
Ž .
letter are not significantly different by LSD comparison P - 0.05
b
Ž .
Ž . Diet
FI body weightrday P
Relative intake Basal
0.90a –
100.0 IMP-Bet
4.66b 0.0001
517.8 Ala-Ser-Bet
5.26bc 0.0001
584.4 Ala-Ser-IMP
5.87bc 0.0001
652.2 Ala-Ser-IMP-Bet
6.32c 0.0001
702.2 Pooled SEM
0.72
a
Ž .
RFI s mean test diet FIrmean basal FI =100; no statistical analyses conducted.
b
Abbreviations: see text.
4. Discussion
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