D. Instrument
The instrument used for this research is test. The tests are divided into pre- test and post-test. The test consists of 25 multiple choices question of narrative text.
The tests are tested out to some students in another class of experiment and controlled class. There are two kinds of test used; they are pre-test and post-test.
The result is calculated and analyzed by using ANATES to find out the validity and reliability of the questions. Besides, pre-test is provided
to find out students’ reading achievement in narrative text before the treatment while post-test is
conducted after students of experiment and controlled class had treatment from the writer.
E. Technique of Collecting Data
The test is used to collect data in this research. The tests are divided into pre-test and post-test. The pre-test is conducted for both classes
—experimental class and controlled class. It is given before the treatment to experimental class.
This pre- test is provided to find out students’ achievement in reading narrative text.
After the treatment, post-test for experimental and controlled class is conducted to find out students’ achievement in reading narrative text. Six meetings are conducted
in each class for this research. Those consisted of first meeting for pre-test, four meetings for treatment and last meeting for post-test.
F. Technique of Data Analysis
In order to obtain the result of research, the data are analyzed using statistical analysis. After collecting the data, the data have to be analyzed. The data
on pre-test and post-test are analyzed by SPSS program. To find final result of the research, several tests should be passed. After all of the test passed, the data are
analyzed by t-test formula. The use of t-test formula is to test the significance of the
mean post-test scores of experimental class and controlled class. The formula of t- test is expressed as follows
1
:
M
x
= Mean of Variable X M
y
= Mean of Variable Y SE = Standard of Error
In order to have the score of t-test score, there are several stages to be taken, they are as follows:
1. Determining mean of variable X, with formula:
M
x
=
∑ �
2. Determining mean of variable Y, with formula:
M
y
=
∑ �
3. Determining standard of deviation score of variable X, with formula:
� = √
∑ �
1
Anas Sudjiono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2014 p. 315-316
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