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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In doing research, the researcher needs a method to conduct analysis. Research methodology is the way of the researcher doing analysis to get the result
of analysis and draw conclusion. Here is the research methodology using by the researcher.
A. Type of Methodology
The descriptive qualitative research that refers to the method to formulate the conclusion by collecting, classifying, and interpreting the data were applied to
this research. In descriptive research, the writer arranged the research systematically, based on the fact of the data Usman and Akbar, 1996: 4. The
researcher only needed to describe the data based on the problem statements and found out the result of the problem statements.
Moreover, Djajasudarma 1993: 15 states that in descriptive qualitative research, the data collected are not in numerical data, it can be in the form of
words or pictures. In this case, the researcher was interested to analyze the articles words, phrases, and sentences of The Jakarta Post. This research discussed
about the kinds of ambiguity, the causal factors of ambiguity, and the interpretations arise in the ambiguous words and sentences found in the articles of
The Jakarta Post, published on Thursday, December 11, 2008.
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B. Data and Data Sources
The data of the research might be in form of discourse, sentence, clause, word, or even morpheme Subroto, 1992: 42-43. Source of data could be
newspaper, magazine, literary work, column, even line. The sources of data of this research were The Jakarta Post newspaper
because it’s the greatest daily English newspaper published in Indonesia. Hence, some articles of The Jakarta Post newspaper published 0n Thursday, December
11, 2008 were used as the data of this research.
C. Sample and Technique Sampling
Sample is part of the population which is investigated; while sampling is the activity of collecting sampling Sutrisno, 1978:75. Moreover, Nawawi,
1995:141 states that sample are collected based on the technique of sampling that is employed in the research while population is all research objects human
beings, things, animals, plants, phenomena, test values, or events as the sources of data which have special characteristic in research.
This research used total sampling technique. The samples were all data which suitable to the field study. The data were taken from the articles 15
articles of The Jakarta Post, Thursday, December 11, 2008 edition. There were 23 data found in these articles 8 data of lexical ambiguity and 15 data of
grammatical ambiguity. These 23 data represented each factor from each type of ambiguity. Subsequently,
each type still have a certain characteristic, they were:
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1. Lexical ambiguity 8 data, consists of:
a. Polysemy, 6 data: 3 data with 2 interpretations and 3 data have 3
interpretations. b.
Homonym, 2 data: each datum has 2 interpretations.
2. Grammatical ambiguity 15 data consists of:
a. Equivocal phrasing, 15 data have 2 interpretations 1 datum with two
grammatical ambiguities.
D. Research Design
