1.3 Problems of Analysis
In most crucial human activities, success depends on knowledge, skill, and self-confidence. There are some characteristics which form the basis of effective
speech. Without the knowledge, the speeches become empty or even are not successful. Without skill, expression is often crude or monotonous: and without self-
confidence, the speaker stumbles and lacks of power. Considering these, the writer saw some problems that appeared in an interview. They were:
1. The kinds of the speech errors made in the interviews on INDONESIA THIS MORNING News Program.
2. How often they produce errors in their speech. 3. The Reporter and Guest Star’s factors that make speech errors.
4. The tips for reducing the speech errors. Those problems can be formulated as follow:
1. What kinds of the speech errors are found in the interviews? 2. How often do they produce errors in their speech?
3. What are the Reporter and Guest Star’s factors of making errors? 4. What are the tips for reducing speech errors?
1.4 Objectives of Analysis
Concerning with the questions raised dealing with speech errors in the interviews and related to psycholinguistics, the writer have proposed some objectives
as follows: 1. To identify the kinds of speech errors made by the Reporter and Guest
Stars of “INDONESIA THIS MORNING” News Program on Metro TV
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2. To tabulate the frequency of each kind of speech error made in the interviews
3. To find the factors that made the errors by Reporter and Guest Stars 4. To propose some tips for reducing speech errors
1.5 Significance of Analysis
It is expected that this study will be beneficial for those who are interested in knowing speech errors that can be found in interviews of news program on
television. Thus some significance expected to reach are as follows: 1. The readers will get more and more explanations about psycholinguistics
particularly on speech errors in interviews. 2. The readers will know the kinds of errors which are often made in
interviews and how often they occur 3. To show the readers that to be a Reporter or a Guest Star is not such an
easy thing for heshe has to practice well and increase hisher communication skill regularly.
1.6 Review of Related Literature
In completing this thesis, the writer has consulted some references concerned with the topic to support the ides of analysis. Those references are:
Psycholinguistics, A Second language Perspective by Hatch 1983. This book helps the writer to know how the Psycholinguistics becomes a discipline of
knowledge.
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The Psychology of Language by Fodor 1974. This book gives some information to the writer about relationship between language and Psychology.
The Acquisition of Language: The Study of Development Psycholinguistics by Mc Neill 1970. This book contains some information about the possibility of
speech errors by human. This book is also helpful for the writer. A Study of Speech Errors Made by MTV Asia VJ in Presenting the Music
Program by Handayani 2000. This thesis gives some information about speech errors that made by a presenter.
An Analysis of Speech Errors Made by Announcers of “Gita Gets Moving” English Program by Budiarti 2006. This thesis gives some information about
speech errors that made by announcers on English Program. An Analysis of Speech Errors Made by Debaters of English Debate
Competition at the 25
th
Anniversary of IMSI USU by Malau 2007. This thesis gives some information about speech errors that made by students.
Psychology and Language: An Introduction to Psycholinguistics by Clark and Clark 1977. This book provides coverage of such important areas as the production
of language, the representation and use of meaning and the relation of psychology process to language universals that broaden the writer knowledge especially through
the explanations of the types of speech errors. This book is really beneficial for the writer in identifying and classifying the common speech errors. These are nine
classifying the common speech errors that are going to be analyzed in this thesis, they are: silent pause, filled pause, false starts unretraced, false starts retraced,
repeat, correction, interjection, stutter, slip of the tongue with its subtypes.
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CHAPTER II AN OVERVIEW OF SPEECH PRODUCTION AND SPEECH
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