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2.3 Patterns of Passive Voice
The passive of active sentence is formed by putting the verb “to be” into the same tense as the active verb and adding the past participle of the active verb. The
subject of the active verb becomes “the agent” of the passive verb. The agent is very often not mentioned. When it is mentioned, it is preceded by “by” and placed at the
end of the sentence. a. Passive Voice in the Simple Present Tense.
Sentence Pattern : S + To be is, am, are + Past Participle + by + O
For examples : -
Active : My brother writers a letter. Passive : A letter is written by my brother.
- Active : The teacher teaches the students in the classroom.
Passive : The students are taught in the classroom. b. Passive Voice in Present Continuous Tense
Sentence Patten : S + To be is, am, are + being + Past participle + by + O
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For example : -
Active : Mr. Steve is offering a job. Passive : A job is being offered by Mr. Steve.
- Active : The president is declaring a war.
Passive : A war is being declared by the president. c. Passive Voice in Simple Past Tense
Sentence Pattern : S +Waswere + Past Participle + by + O
For example : -
Active : A car struck a tree yesterday. Passive : A tree was struck by a car yesterday.
- Active : The mechanic repaired the brakes.
Passive : The brakes were repaired.
d. Passive Voice in Past Continuous Tense Sentence Pattern :
S + Waswere + being + Past Participle + by + O
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For example : -
Active : Last week, they were painting the children’s room. Passive : Last week, the children’s room was being painted.
- Active : She was telling the truth.
Passive : The truth was being told. e. Passive Voice in Simple Future Tense
Sentence Patten : S + Will Shall + be + past participle + by + O
For example : -
Active : Horas FM will offer new programs next month. Passive : New programs will be offered by Horas FM next month.
- Active : He will organize a party next Saturday.
Passive : A party will be organized next Saturday. f. Passive Voice in Present Perfect Tense
Sentence Pattern : S + havehas + been + past participle + by + O
For example : -
Active : The director has ordered a lot of new equipment.
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Passive : A lot of new equipment has been ordered by the director. -
Active : He has delivered many packages. Passive : Many packages have been delivered.
g. Passive Voice In Past Perfect Tense Sentence Pattern :
S + had + been + past participle + by + O
For example : -
Active : The workmen had already installed the new computer. Passive : The new computer had already been installed.
h. Passive Voice in Future Perfect Tense Sentence Pattern :
S + willshall + have + been + past participle + by + O For example :
- Active : The English Course will have started the children’s story hour by
the end of next month. -
Passive : The children’s story hour will have been started by the end of next month.
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i. Passive Voice in Present Infinitive. Sentence Pattern :
S + havehas + to be + past participle + by + O
For example : -
Active : I have to renew my library card. Passive : My library card have to be renewed.
j. Passive Voice in Modals. Sentence Pattern :
S + maymustcan + bebeen + past participle + by + O
For example : -
Active : You must finish this work before two o’clock today. Passive : This work must be finished before two o’clock today.
In this thesis, the writer only writes down ten tenses, because the present perfect continuous tense, past perfect continuous tense, future continuous tense and
future perfect continuous tense are rarely used in the passive voice sentences.
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2.4 The Uses of Passive Voice.
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