Dang-N1 text: “Tharu Education”

F.4 Dang-N1 text: “Tharu Education”

Sentence 1: ɔᵘ

həmɐɾ t̪ʰɐɾu dʒɐt̪ ve

pəɽnɐ

liknɐ

pəʈɐ neⁱ səho.

and our Tharu cast they to.read to.write now not Our Tharu people did not know how to read or write.

Question 1: Who did not know how to read or write? Answer 1: Tharus.

Sentence 2: sətɾɐ

sɐlse ʈʰãu ʈʰãu me pəndʒɐjet̪ pəndʒɐjet̪ me ɪskul

kʰeləl

seventeen from town town in

Panjayat Panjayat in

school opened

ʈo bəl:ə pəɽnɐ nɐ po�̃lele.

Schools were opened seventeen years ago in towns and Panjayats.

Question 2: When were schools opened in the towns and Panjayats? Answer 2: Seventeen years ago.

Sentence 3: ɔᵘ

sʊst̪ə sʊst̪ə

pəʈt̪i

bɐʈʰə.

and slowly slowly studying started Slowly Tharus were starting to study.

Question 3: What were the Tharus slowly starting to do? Answer 3: Study.

Sentence 4: pɛⁱlɐ

bʰəɾəʈpur ke lije ɪskul

ɾəhə.

before Bharatpur for

school was

Previously there was a school for Bharatpur.

Question 4: Previously, where was there a school? Answer 4: Bharatpur.

Sentence 5: pɐtje pɾət̪jek gɑ̃ᵘ

pəndʒɐjet̪ then

me se

gɑ̃ᵘ

pəndʒɐjet̪ me gɑ̃ᵘ

every village in

from village Panjajat

in

village Panjajat

me ɪskul koləl. in

school opened Then schools were opened in every village and Panjayat.

Sentence 6: ʈo ʈhɑ̃ᵘ

ʈhɑ̃ᵘ ləɽkɐ

pəɽkɐ ɐpən gʰəɾ

mo sɐk səhji

town town children

their house in

vegetables vegetables

study go The village children ate some vegetables at home and went to study.

Sentence 7: pəɾt̪i ʋɐʈe oʈis se bəl:ə bəl:ə.

(Meaning of sentence unclear.)

Sentence 8: bʊsti le ə pəɾt̪i dʒəⁱʈəʈe.

Slowly they started to learn.

Sentence 9: ɐg ɽəŋgaᵘɽjən

pʰiɾ pəɽə

bilehe ɖəɳɖæn.

Dangorias then studied (Meaning of sentence unclear.)

Sentence 10: ʈəŋgaᵘɽjən

ləɽkɐ

pʰe

lekʰi t̪o pəɽnɐ

kələk pəʈɐ nəⁱ rəho.

Dangoria children they write

to.study

know not was

Dangoria children did not know how to read and write (before).

Sentence 11: sət̪ɾə

se seventeen years from school opened

t̪o bəlːə tʃojne pəɽnɐ

liknɐ

to.read to.write

ʈʰã ojlen niki pətɐ

ne ⁱ ɾəho.

know no was Before the school opened seventeen years ago, no one knew how to read or write.

Question 5: When was the school opened? Answer 5: Seventeen years ago.

Sentence 12: ɔ

həmɐɾ t̪ʰɐɾu dʒɐt̪ mɐ bəɽɐ ɖəhəlmənəⁱ. and our

Tharu caste in

great backward

Our Tharu people were very backward.

Sentence 13: dʒind̪əɾəⁱko

dʰəɾ

ɖəɾəⁱnɐ

pəɾbət̪inkə

ɖʰəɾ ɖəɾeⁱnɐ səb ku

landowners.of fear

feared.and hill.people.of fear feared all

nɐk ɖʰəɾ ɖəɾəⁱnət rəhə. fear feared

was They feared the landowners, the hill people, and everyone else.

Question 6: Who did the people fear? Answer 6: The landowners and the hill people.

Sentence 14: əb

səneⁱ ki bʊskilə ʊɐʈe ɔɾ

t̪ʰɐɾ

pəɾkə kon

konə ləɽkɐ

now

went and Tharu boys some some boys

dʒjɐgəɾi pʰi kʰəⁱləi ʋɐʈə kone koj hi ɪskul fəⁱl ohəʋɐʈə. labour

also Some Tharu boys went to do labour. Whenever any of them went to high school, they failed.

Question 7: What did some Tharu boys go to do? Answer 7: Labour.

Sentence 15: ɔ

əb bʊsʈi dʒəⁱʈe pəɾt̪i. and now slowly go

study

And now studies go slowly.

Sentence 16: dʒəⁱʈe ɔɾ

əmi. go

ləŋgaᵘɽjɐ ləɽkɐ

dʒənːimənəⁱ kəlː əʈə

kutʃ pəʈə

ni

and Dangoria children girls

come little know no

The Dangoria girls did not know how to read.

Question 8: Who did not know how to read? Answer 8: The Dangoria girls.

Sentence 17: ve

lə̃ᵘɽə ləɽkən

me bəlːə ʈəlːə se ni kʰəɾtʃɐ nəⁱ.

they children in

spent

not

They could not afford to study.

Question 9: Why could they not study? Answer 9: They could not afford it.

Sentence 18: pugɐkə səkːəɾ

kə pʰɪɾsə ni bitʃme

tʃoɽ d̪ʰeʈʰɐ tʃoɾəⁱ ɖʰeʈʰɐ.

problem of then no in.between left gave

left

gave

Due to this problem, they left in the middle of school.

Question 10: Due to this problem, what happened? Answer 10: They left in the middle of school.

Sentence 19 əbɐ ɔuɾ kɐ

kəhũ ʈho mə̃ⁱ. now and what say

Now what shall I say?