33
Communication source
Different stages in the adoption process are influenced by different communication sources. These source are usually listed as mass media, neighbors,
agricultural agencies, and dealers and salesmen. In the trial and adoption stages agricultural agencies including cooperative extension is the second important
agencies in individuals adoption an innovation. While the primary influencing is neighbors Harold, 1971.
2.6 Conceptual Framework
In order to address all research objectives, this research was conducted within the framework as present in Figure 2.5 as follow:
Figure 2.5 Conceptual Framework Gathering and up-grading
concerned information Rice production
IPM technology Relevant research
Relevant agencies Theories
Concept Principles
Methods Study Cases
IPM technology model
Best practice farmer,
Stakeholders Pre-feasibility under condition
of the farmers Field study:
1. Interviewing schedule 2. In
depth interviewing
schedule in matrix form 3. In
depth interviewing
schedule in SWOT Appropriate IPM
technology model
34
2.7 Research Hypothesis
The testing hypothesis of this study involves the factors affecting adoption of IPM technology among rice farmers in the study area. From the
relevant research papers, many independent variables had statistically significant relationship with dependent variables. Then in this investigation, the research
hypothesis are as follows: 1. There are relationship between farmer
’s personal background factors, including age, gender, education level, household member, marital status, year of
experience with adoption of IPM technology, and media perception with adoption of IPM technology.
2. There are relationship between input used factors, including cost of seeds, cost of fertilizer, cost of pesticide, cost of labor input, cost of machinery
input, cost of land use, and cost of opportunity capital with adoption of IPM technology.
3. There is relationship between physical factor including location from paddy field to water resources.
4. There are relationship between biological factors including, infestation by brown plant hopper, rat, golden snail, and weed with adoption of IPM
technology. 5. There are relationship between social factors including IPM training and
number of group belonging with adoption of IPM technology. 6. There are relationship between economic factors including land tenure
and utilization, accessibility of credit, farm income, and non farm income with adoption of IPM technology.
7. There are relationship between institutional factor including number of extension contact and number of service provider contact with adoption IPM
technology. 8. There are relation between psychological factors including level of
farmer’s knowledge, attitude, and practice towards IPM technology with adoption of IPM technology.
35
2.8 Structure of Hypothesis
