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Lockyer 139-40. The tax was called the Poor Rate. It was used to help the poor. This had two benefits. First, it made the poor felt that something was being done
for them and made them felt less angry about the situation they were in. Secondly, some good work could be done by the poor within the parish to help the parish
Microsoft ® Encarta ® Reference Library 2005. The Poor Laws made local government the primary administrator of
welfare. In order to keep welfare beneficiaries under the supervision of their providers, the laws also discouraged the migration of the poor among
administrative regions, or parishes. From their inception, the Poor Laws generated controversy. Opponents of the laws argued that if the poor received public
assistance, some of them might avoid work, not work hard enough, or not save any of their earnings Microsoft ® Encarta ® Reference Library 2005.
C. Theoretical Framework
In this part I would like to describe the theories and reviews that I will apply. I use the theory of the critical approaches which can give the knowledge
about some approaches. It helps me to decide the most appropriate approach to explore the novel. In this case, through the critical approaches I decide to choose
the socio-historical approach, because it can help me get the information of the social and historical background of the story.
The theory of character and characterization and theory of setting are used in order to understand and comprehend the novel better. In answering the first
problem in this study, I use the theory of character and characterization. Through PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
30
this theory, I can describe the character of the two main characters in the novel; they are Prince Edward and Tom Canty.
In analyzing the first problem, I also have to know the setting of the novel, because the two main characters are experiencing the two different setting in the
novel. Therefore, theory of setting is used to help me to reveal the setting of the story in the novel
While, the review on England in the 16
th
Century are used to analyze the second problem in this study which concern on Mark Twain’s criticism. The
review on England in the 16
th
Century gives the information on the condition of England in the 16
th
Century, including society systems, the nobles, the common people and the social values. Therefore, this review provides all the information
that I need. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter covers subject matter, approach of the study, and method of the study. The subject matter contains a brief description of the novel. In the next
part I would like to discuss the approach which is used in this study. In the method of the study I would like to discuss the steps that I followed starting from
collecting data and resources until using those data and resources to answer the two questions stated in the problem formulation.
A. Subject Matter
The subject matter of this study is Mark Twain’s The Prince and The Pauper. This novel was written by Mark Twain in 1881, based on the social life in
England on the 16
th
century in the Reign of King Henry VIII. The Prince and The Pauper tells a story of two young boys who are identical in appearance but come
from a different social level, and exchange their position. The Prince and The Pauper is an American novel, although the setting of
the story is in England in 1547. Mark Twain, the author, is considered to be one of America’s greatest humorists and writers. The Prince and The Pauper was first
published in 1881. In this study, the writer used the novel which was published by P F. Collier Son Company in New York in 1921. The novel consists of 274
pages and is divided into thirty-three chapters.
31 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
