motivation that is derived from external incentives both of these have an important part to play in classroom motivation. And both are at least partially
accessible to teacher influence.
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a. Intrinsic motivation those who learn for their own self-perceived needs
and goals are intrinsically motivated. According S. Nasution states
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intrinsic motivations are inherent in the learning situations and meet pupil need, and purpose.
Intrinsically motivated are ones for which there is no apparent reward except the activity it self. Intrinsically motivated behaviors are aimed
at bringing about certain internally rewarding consequences, namely, feeling of competence and self-determination. Intrinsic motivation
includes desire, interest, need, goal and hobby. 1. Desire.
The students will be motivated to learn if he or she has a desire to learn, but if he or she does not have in him or her self, she or he will be
lazy to learn. They are encouraged to show their intrinsic motivation. S. Nasution says: “ Hasil belajar akan lebih baik, apabila pada anak
ada hasrat atau tekad untuk mempelajari sesuatu” Achievement would be better if the student has desire to learn something
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As like Jeremy harmer says “ thus person might be motivated by enjoyment of
the learning process itself or by a desire to make them selves feel better.
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2. Interest. Interest is the second factor, which determines ones attitudes in
working, or studying actively learning process goes well. Interest are closely related to habit motives in that acquired as a result of
satisfying experiences in a given activity, and once established,
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Penny Ur. A Course…p. 237
11
S. Nasution, Didaktik Asas-Asas Mengajar, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 1995,p. 77
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S. Nasution, Didaktik …p. 80
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Jeremy Harmer, The Practice, …p. 51
tend to perpetuate them as long as they are effective from the stand point of the persons goals and purposes
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. If the student will study effectively and they have a high interest, they will be success, as
David R. Stone and Elwin C. Nielson”…on personal positive interest…will increase the change for success”.
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3. Need. The term ‘need’ defines as “circumstances in which something is
lacking or necessary or require some course of action”
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According to H. Douglas B
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: ”the need concept or motivation in some ways belongs to all three school of thought: the fulfillment of need is
rewarding, requires choices, and in many cases must be interpreted in a social context.
Jeremy harmer says that motivation is closely bound up with a person’s desire to achieve a goal.
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Almost all people have aim or goals in all activities that shehe in hisher daily life.
4. Goal. Goal can lead someone to do or to avoid something not related to the
goal. 5. Hobby.
According to dictionary, hobby is activity done for pleasure during ones free time. That means that hobby refers to like or pleasure
14
George, J. Mouly, Psychology…p.276.
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David R. Stone Elwin C Nielson, Educational Psychology, Oxford University Press, 1987, p. 165
16
AS. Hornby, Oxford Advance Learner Dictionary of Current English, Oxford University Press, 1987, p. 586
17
H. Douglas Brown, Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, USA: Longman, 2000, p. 161
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Jeremy Harmer The Practice …p. 53
doing something for wasting time. Example, Eka’s hobby is singing a song; she always tries to sing whenever she is.
Intrinsic motivation is inherent in the learning situation and meet pupil need, and purpose. It means, it does not need stimulate from outside, because in every person there is support
to do some thing. An example a man who likes reading need not command or support, he or she has diligently to look for some books to read it.
Intrinsic motivation is the innate propensity to engage one’s interest and exercise one’s capacities. And in doing so, seek out and master
optimal challenges. It emerges spontaneously from organism psychological need, personal curiosities, and innate strivings for
growth. As such, intrinsic motivation provides a natural motivational force that faster learning and development, and it can motivate
behavior without the assistance of the extrinsic reward and pressures. Functionally intrinsic motivation provides us with an innate
motivational force to engage our environments and to exert the effort necessary to exercise and develop our skill and capabilities.
b. Extrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation is caused by any number or
