Objective of the Study Problem Formulation
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for the readers to evaluate a literary work 6-15. Those approaches are the formalist approach, biographical approach, the sociocultural-historical approach,
the mythopoeic approach, and the psychological approach. 1.
The first is the formalist approach. It is concerned with demonstrating the harmonious involvement of all parts to the whole and with pointing out how
meaning is derived from structure and how matters and technique determine structure 6-7.
2. The second is the biographical approach. This approach provides useful
facts about the author will help the readers to have a better understanding and appreciation toward the literary object 8-9.
3. The third is the sociocultural-historical approach. This approach is
concerned with the social background in which work of literary was created. In short, before one can understand well a work of literature, he or she has to
know the social, cultural, and historical aspects of the literary works because these aspects are inseparable from the literary object 9-11.
4. The forth approach is the mythopoeic approach. This approach emphasizes
the universal recurrent pattern of human thought. It is believed that the patterns are found in ancient myth, folks rites which are so basic of human to
human thought and have meaning for all humans 11-13. 5.
The last approach is the psychological approach. This approach belives that one’s imagination, capacity for creation, and complexity of thoughts and
behaviors are expressed through symbolic words, thought and action. The symbols are common to all humans in which can be interpreted in light of
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individual’s experience. This approach involves the effort to locate and demonstrate certain recurrent pattern 13-15.
In this study, the writer used the psychological approach to analyze Dan Brown The Da Vinci Code. By using this approach, the analysis of Jacques
Sauniere’s motivation in the novel can be done profoundly. The psychological approach uses psychological theories to explain human motivation, personality
and behavior patterns written in literary objects. Moreover, this approach believes that characters’ thought, personality, and behavior may reflect their psychological
order.