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individual’s experience. This approach involves the effort to locate and demonstrate certain recurrent pattern 13-15.
In this study, the writer used the psychological approach to analyze Dan Brown The Da Vinci Code. By using this approach, the analysis of Jacques
Sauniere’s motivation in the novel can be done profoundly. The psychological approach uses psychological theories to explain human motivation, personality
and behavior patterns written in literary objects. Moreover, this approach believes that characters’ thought, personality, and behavior may reflect their psychological
order.
2.1.2 Theory of Literature
A novel is a kind of litearary work, therefore, i support the analysis by using the theory of literature. This part presents the theoris of literature, which are
divided into two, the theory of character and theory of characterization.
2.1.2.1Theories of Character 1.
Definition of Character
One of the most important elements in the novel is character. A character can be recognized by describing the physical and physiological appearance.
According to Van De Laar and Schoonwoerd 1957: 165 in An Approach to English Literature
writes that characters in a novel must be like actual human being. Characters must be recognizable men and women. According to Abrams
1993: 23, writes that characters are person presented in a dramatic or narrative PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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work who are interpreted by the readers as being endowed with moral, dispositional and emotional qualities that are expressed in what they say the
dialogue, and what they do the action. Therefore, the character is usually easily analyzed from the dialogue or action.
2. Kind of Character
Based on the amount of attention given to the characters, Henkle 1977: 88 divides the characters into major and secondary or minor characters. He also
considers a major character as a protagonist. Major characters are characters observed most often in the novel and whose appearance are frequent 1977: 90-
92. By understanding them, the readers will understand the focal experiences of the novel. Henkle points out that the effectiveness of most novels depend upon the
ability of the major characters to express and dramatize the human issues of the book. On the other hand, the secondary or minor characters are characters that
perform more limited functions. They are generally less complex, or less intense, and drawn in shallower relief, present what is often only one side of the
experience 1977: 97 Abrams 1993: 24 classifies a character into two types: flat character and
round character. A flat character is a single idea and is presented in outline and without much individualizing detail. It means that flat character has dominant
traits and has no desires motivation or conflict. The round character has many dominant traits and complex desire,
motivation and conflict. Therefore, a round character tends to change from the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
