10
2.3 data Analysis and Interpretation
As discussed earlier, this paper aims to compare FLA processes and outcomes between the two study provinces where possible. In addressing research question two regarding the implementation of forest tenure arrangements
in the study villages, we also attempt to compare the situation before and after the implementation of forest tenure reform policies in the respective provinces.
he following approaches were employed for data analysis and interpretation:
Qualitative analysis •
: qualitative descriptive analysis was the main analytical tool employed in the study.
Various tools were used, including data reduction, text discussion, and description. he extensive use of such data in charts, igures, and pictures also provides additional qualitative analysis to the report.
Quantitative analysis •
: quantitative analytical tools were also employed to complement qualitative analysis.
Quantitative data and the simple statistical calculation of such data, such as percentages, are presented in tabular or igure formats in this report.
Expert judgment and consultation •
: Expert judgment was also an important tool in the analysis and
interpretation of collected data. his approach was employed throughout, from survey design through to data collection at the local level and also in the completion of the synthesis report. Consultation was also
undertaken with local people and experts at diferent levels.
participatory mapping in
Hoa binh, a
researcher is taking notes
11
3
Background to Hoa Binh and
Dak Lak Provinces
12
background to Hoa binh and dak Lak Provinces
3
his section provides a short introduction to the two study provinces: Hoa Binh and Dak Lak. A summary of major social and economic indicators for both provinces is also presented in Table 2, along with national information for
comparison. A brief overview of the study villages follows.
3.1 Overview of Hoa binh Province
Hoa Binh province is located in the northwestern region of Viet Nam, around
76 km to the southwest of Hanoi Figure 2. It shares borders with Phu ho and Ha Tay
provinces to the north, hanh Hoa province to the south, Son La province to the west, and
Ha Nam and Ninh Binh provinces to the east. Hoa Binh is administratively divided into ten
districts and one municipality, covering a total area of approximately 467,000 ha, of which
some 173,000 ha 37 is forest. Cropping area accounts for 65,000 ha, some 14 of the total
territory.
As of December 2005, the population totaled approximately 813,000 people, 85 of whom
reside in rural and mountain areas. here are over seven diferent ethnic groups living in the
province, namely the Muong approximately 60 of the total population, Kinh 31, hai
4, Tay 2.6, Dzao 1.6, and Hmong 0.4.
he economy of Hoa Binh has expanded dynamically, with an average annual growth rate of over 10 during the last several years 12.7 in 2006. Most provincial income comes from agriculture, but the industrial and service sectors
are expanding rapidly, with growth rates of 20.4 and 26.9 in 2006, respectively. he average annual per capita Gross Domestic Product GDP is approximately VND5.2 million VND433,000 per month. Not surprisingly, Hoa
Binh’s economic growth over the last decade has been accompanied by a steep decline in the provincial poverty rate, from 58.6 in 1999 to 20.6 in 2004.
Table 2: key Socio-Economic Indicators of Two Provinces and Viet Nam
Socio-Economic Indicators Hoa binh
dak Lak Viet Nam
Number of administrative units 11 districts
13 districts 642 districts
Geographic area thousand ha 467
1,309 32,972
Forest land thousand ha 173
614 12,874
Population as of Dec 2005 thousand people
813 1,710
83,119
Figure 2: map of Hoa binh Province
13
Socio-Economic Indicators Hoa binh
dak Lak Viet Nam
Rural population over total 85
78 73
Ethnicity Over 7 groups
Approximately 44 groups Approximately 54 groups
Most populous ethnic group Muong approximately 60
Kinh approximately 72 Kinh approximately 77
Economic growth rate in 2006 12.7
9.11 8.17
GDP per capita per year VND5.2 million
VND5.95 million VND11.6 million
Poverty rate as of 2004 20.6
28 19.5
Source: GSO 2006, www.gso.org.vn
3.2 Overview of dak Lak Province