Research Method Research Participants

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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the writer would like to discuss the methodology which would be used in conducting the research. The methodology covers research method, research participants, research instruments, data gathering techniques, data analysis techniques, and research procedures.

A. Research Method

The research would be conducted in a form of qualitative descriptive research. According to Fraenkel 1993: 380 “qualitative research is a study investigating the quality of relationships, activities, situations or materials.” Furthermore, Ary, et al. 1990: 381 states that “descriptive research is designed to obtain information concerning the current status of phenomena. It is directed to determine the nature of a situation, as it exists at the time of the study which has a purpose to tell what it is.” To be exact, this qualitative descriptive study was a survey study. Survey study itself is a research for accurate information about characteristics of particular subjects, groups, institution, or situation or about the frequency with which something occurs Van Dalen, 1979: 285. In conducting the survey, the writer became the participant since she taught directly the materials in a class in which this study was conducted. The survey of this study was aimed to find out the process of the implementation of Multiple Intelligences theory. Particularly, the study was done by teaching and implementing a set of integrated materials based on Multiple Intelligences theory to teach English to the fifth grade students. Subsequently, using the qualitative data gathered from observation checklist, field notes, interviews, and video recording, the writer analyzed the data into descriptions in which the writer presented the sequence of the process, the activities and the results which involved the theory development in a form of paragraph.

B. Research Participants

The research participants of this research were the fifth grade students of Kanisius Kintelan Yogyakarta in the second semester during 2008 2009 academic year, which consisted of twenty-one students. The writer chose the fifth grade students because they were considered to have enough knowledge of English and enough ability to share their opinion. Furthermore, this school was chosen because Kanisius Kintelan Yogyakarta still taught English as a local content and this school has not applied the Multiple Intelligences theory in the teaching- learning process. Knowing those facts, this study is hoped to be more valid and natural since the students have not had any experience about the implementation of Multiple Intelligences theory.

C. Research Instruments