Relevant of Study REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2. Sembuyak sipempoken, senina: all brothers of the girls 3. Anak Beru tua: to be a speaker 4. Kepala Kampung: the headman of the village 5. Kalimbubu Singalo Ulu Emas: brother of bride’s mother From the groom 1. Bapa Nande sukut: His parents 2. Senina: all brothers of the boy 3. Anak Beru Tua: the speaker 4. Kalimbubu Boy’s side introduces to the right and left side in that meeting by their anak beru while checking whether all important people have been present or not. When it is okay the topic can be continued later. All of them will be called and sit in the special mattress. Before the conversation started, they delivery five Kampil that contain of betle leaves, cigarettes and the matches. Kampil in this case as a sign of honorable according to Karo customs. The Kampil must be prepared by Anak Beru of the groom and given to Kalimbubu of the bride.

2.3 Relevant of Study

In order to support the ideas of the analysis, some books had been consulted that contains some important information related to the analysis based on the sociolinguistic. Some of the related analysis are as follows: Universitas Sumatera Utara 1. Halliday and Hasan 1976:8 state that cohesion is a semantic relation between one element in the text and some other elements that is crucial to the interpretation of it. The location of these some other elements in the text are no way determined by grammatical structure. The two elements, the presupposing and the presupposed, maybe structurally related to each other, or they may not; it makes no difference to the meaning of cohesive relation. 2. Bloor 1995 which is not much different to Halliday and Hasan’s, explains about cohesive ties in texts. He classified cohesion into four main types: reference, ellipsis and lexical cohesion. He further explains the relationship between grammar and text. A text has textual components of the grammar, lexical cohesion is a part of cohesive components. 3. Gutwinsky 1976:26 in Tarigan state that, “Kohesi merupakan organisasi sintaktik, merupakan wadah kalimat-kalimat disusun secara padu dan dapat untuk menghasilkan tuturan. Juga kohesi adalah hubungan antar kalimat didalam wacana, baik dalam strata gramatikal maupun strata leksikal tertentu.” I also consult some thesis that relevant to my analysis, they are: 1. Whardhani Irma 1997 has also analyzed the text of the discourse in Minangkabau Traditional Wedding Ceremony in terms of cohesive ties encompassing grammatical cohesion reference, substitution and ellipsis, lexical cohesion re-iteration and collocation and conjunction additive, Universitas Sumatera Utara adversative, clausal and temporal. She found that all the cohesive ties occur in the text especially grammatical cohesion reference and lexical cohesion. 2. Novayanti 1994 has analyzed that cohesive analysis; especially the reference is applicable to the analysis of scientific texts. She analyzed the cohesion in discourse; reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction and lexical cohesion in discourse, and found that reference, as one type of cohesion exists in different types of text, such as narrative, poetic and even scientific text..

2.4 Definition of Discourse