e. Disturbance of Motor Behavior
According to Hothersall 1985 the motor behavior of schizophrenic is frequently abnormal: they may be agitated or excited, and may wave or gesture
wildly. They also often engage in repetitive, but apparently purposeless behavior.
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f. Other Mental Symptoms
Nevid et al., 2005 said that people with schizophrenia tend to withdraw themselves and not to interact with other people. They enjoy their own thought
and fantasies world. They also have inability to sustain attention.
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From those explanations above, we can conclude that schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain disorders that has been recognized throughout
recorded history characterized by hallucinations, delusions, thought and speech disorder, disturbance of emotional, disturbance of motor behavior, social
withdrawal, and inability to sustain attention.
2. Subtypes of Schizophrenia
According to Halonen and Santrock 1999, there are four main types of schizophrenia that generally recognized,
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and they are:
a. Disorganized Type
Disorganized schizophrenia hebephrenic
schizophrenia is
a schizophrenic disorder in which an individual has delusions and hallucinations
that have a little or no recognizable meaning-hence, the label “disorganized”. A
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David Hothersall, 1985, op.cit. p. 473.
46
Jeffrey S. Nevid, et al, 2005, op.cit. p. 136.
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Jane S. Halonen and John W. Santrock, Psychology: Contexts and Applications, 3
rd
ed U.S.A: Mcgraw-Hill Companies, Inc, . 1999
disorganized schizophrenic withdraws from human contact and might regress to silly, childlike gestures and behavior. Many of those individuals were isolated or
maladjusted during adolescence. b. Catatonic Type
Catatonic schizophrenia is a schizophrenic disorder characterized by bizarre motor behavior, which sometimes takes the form of a completely
immobile stupor. Even in this stupor, catatonic schizophrenic are completely conscious of what is happening around them. An individual in a catatonic state
sometimes shows waxy flexibility; for example, if the person’s arms raised and then allowed to fall, the arm stays in the new position.
c. Paranoid Type
Paranoid schizophrenia is a schizophrenic disorder characterized by delusions of reference, grandeur, and persecution. The delusions usually form a
complex, elaborate system based on a complete misinterpretation of actual events. It is not unusual for schizophrenics to develop all three delusions in the following
order.
d. Undifferentiated Type
Undifferentiated schizophrenia is a schizophrenic disorder characterized by disorganized behavior, hallucinations, delusions, and incoherence. This
category of schizophrenia is used when an individual’s symptoms either don’t meet the criteria for the other types or they meet the criteria for more than one of
the other types.
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