c. The Eleventh Grade Students of SMAN 1 Depok The writer distributed questionnaires to the eleventh grade students of
Science class at SMAN 1 Depok in order to gain feedback for the designed materials. They were required to give their opinion whether the materials were
interesting and whether the level of difficulty of the materials was suitable for them.
C. Research Setting
This study was conducted in one science class of SMAN 1 Depok grade eleven. The study was conducted on active days from May 2008 until October 2008.
D. Research Instruments
There were two research instruments used in this study. They were interview guidelines and questionnaires.
1. Interview
The writer considered interview was a better instrument to obtain deep answers from the research participants and to obtain clarity of the participants’
answers. Accoding to Ary, Jacob, and Razavieh 2002:146, there are three broad categories of interviews, namely structured, unstructured, and semi-
structured. In this study, the writer used unstructured type of interviews to
interview the English teachers of SMAN 1 Depok. The interviews were PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
intended to gain participants’ views, opinions, and attitudes about students’ needs and characteristics, students’ difficulties and problems in learning
listening and speaking, difficulties of the materials, and the curriculum for senior high school grade eleven.
In addition, the writer interviewed the eleventh grade English teachers of SMAN 1 Depok and English Language Education Study Program lecturers
of Sanata Dharma University to gain some feedback on the designed materials.
This instrument had three aims. First, it aimed to give much information and data to conduct research and information collecting and
planning steps in R D cycle. Second, it aimed to give information and data to conduct the developing preliminary form of product and preliminary field
testing steps. Third, it aimed to find out the answer of the research problems.
2. Questionnaire
As stated by Ary, Jacob, and Razavieh 2002: 124, “questionnaire is another type of research instrument which aims at investigating the
participants’ knowledge, opinions, ideas, and experiences.” There are two types of questionnaires, namely open-ended questionnaires and closed ended
questionnaires. In the open ended questionnaires, the participants are free to answer the questions in order to give more information. In contrast, in the
closed ended questionnaires, the answers for the questions have been provided to make it easier for the participants to fill in the questionnaires.
In this study, the two forms of questionnaires were used for different purposes. The first questionnaires were distributed to the eleventh grade
students of Science class of SMAN 1 Depok to gather some information for the needs analysis. It consisted of ten closed-ended questions and five open-
ended questions. The closed-ended questions were intended to find out students’ interest in English, students’ perception on listening and speaking
skills, and students’ opinion on listening and speaking activities in a form of group works. Whereas, the open-ended questions were intended to ask the
students to choose some topics and learning activities for designing a set of integrated listening and speaking materials. The writer also asked students’
difficulties in learning listening and speaking skills. In the preliminary field testing, the writer distributed the second form
of questionnaire to gain evaluation for the designed materials. The evaluation questionnaires were distributed to two English teachers of SMAN 1 Depok
and two lecturers of English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University.
The evaluation questionnaires for the English teachers had ten closed- ended questions and one open-ended question. These closed-ended questions
were intended to find out some feedback whether the designed materials had already fulfilled the students’ needs and whether the materials had already
matched with the goals and objectives as stated in the curriculum. The writer also wanted to know whether the activities in the designed materials were
interesting and appropriate to the principles of Collaborative Learning, whether the materials were arranged systematically from simpler to more
complex activities, and whether the difficulty level of the materials was suitable for the students. The open-ended questions were intended to ask for
some comments and suggestions on the designed materials as the basis to revise them.
The questionnaires for needs analysis were distributed to gain data to conduct research and information collecting and planning steps in R D
cycle and to find out the answer of the first research problem. In addition, the evaluation questionnaires were distributed to gain data to conduct preliminary
field testing and main product revision steps in R D cycle and to find out the answer of the second research problem.
E. Data Collection
