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rejected by his parents. Wilhelm prefers to drop out from his college education and moves to California, against his parent warning. His decision makes his parents
disappointed. In California, Wilhelm finds nothing but a failure. After he takes decision to stop acting, Wilhelm continues his life by doing different jobs. Finally,
Wilhelm has a steady job at Rojax Corporation as a sales representative. But, his success in career at Rojax Corporation is followed by another interruption. Wilhelm
has to share his position with the son-in-law of the owner of the company. It makes Wilhelm upset and takes a decision to quit from his job.
His decision to leave his job at Rojax Company is one of mistakes he makes in his career. Wilhelm finds himself jobless and gets a financial problem since he has
to support his children and wife. Then, Wilhelm meets with Dr. Tamkin, a person who lives in the same hotel with him. Dr. Tamkin persuades him to invest his last
dollar. Tamkin told Wilhelm about his optimistic expectation that Wilhelm will be rich. But, the fact is Wilhelm lose all of his last money. Dr. Tamkin disappears,
leaving Wilhelm alone when he knows that Wilhelm has lost all of his money. Here, Wilhelm
‟s failure in his career is the root of his others failure.
3.2 Approach of the Study
The approach used in this study is the psychological approach. The novel arouses two problems that require a deep explanation. The first problem is the
explanation about the character of Tommy Wilhelm, as the main characters in Seize the Day.
The second problem is to find out the characteristics of a failed person reflected in Tommy Wilhelm. In order to explain those problems, the psychological
approach is the most appropriate approach because the psychological approach uses
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various theories of psychology in order to understand and explain the character‟s personality in the novel.
Guerrin 126 states that the psychological approach is an approach that has important limitation in its aesthetic inadequacy, different from the limitation for both
traditional and formalistic approach which limits its tendency to overlook the structural intricacies of the work and neglecting the historical and sociological
context of an art work. It means that this approach gives more attention to the psychological side rather than the aesthetic one, though it is still considering every
detail, such as the intrinsic elements and the correlation among its elements. This approach is applied when the attention is focused on the psychological interpretation
for enhancing the understanding and appreciation of literature. The writer chooses psychological approach because the writer studies the
psychological side of the character in the novel. Thus, the writer applies this approach by using some psychological theories or concepts as the interpretative tools.
3.3 Method of the Study
The writer employed library research as the method of this study. In library research, data were gathered from written sources such as books and journals. There
were some steps used in analyzing this novel. The first step, the writer had to decide a novel that was going to be analyzed
in this study. The novel was very important remembering that it would be used as a primary source of the study. After some time, the writer finally chose Seize the Day
by Saul Bellow.
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The second step was reading the book to get the understanding of the story and the topic of the study. The writer read the novel several times to really get the
comprehension about the story. Reading the novel is also intended to find the topic worth to discuss in the study.
The third step was collecting the data. The writer collected some data resources and used them to analyze the questions presented in the problem
formulation. The writer did not only require the novel itself as the primary source in writing this thesis, but also other references as the secondary sources. The primary
source of this study is the novel itself: Saul Bellow‟s Seize the Day. Meanwhile, the secondary sources were taken from some books that could be used as references. The
data were used to help analyzing the problem, allowing the writer to conduct a deep analysis about the topic chosen in this study. In the last step, a conclusion was drawn
based on the analysis.
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CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS
