223
university LPTK, which is not equipped with the Islamic courses; some who are graduates
from Islamic university PTKI also no provisions on how to develop teaching materials
based on the study of the
Qur’an. Kosin 2012 through research with a
qualitative approach and analysis of documents on science teaching materials in MA concluded
that the content of the Islamic religion in science teaching materials at the school are very limited
and insignificant.
To implement the idea of integration of science and Islam at the school, it takes a number
of supporting components, especially teaching materials. Instructional materials for chemistry
subjects in MA must be integrated with Islamic values that teachers and students have
established guidelines. Similarly, MA teachers must be prepared in order to have more
capabilities, which is skilled of integrating the material with the Islamic values.
Therefore, this study is one alternative solution to resolve issues related to chemistry
teaching, focusing on teaching materials are based on the concept of the integration of
chemistry and Islam. Compedia of the Quran for chemistry subjects can be categorized as
knowledge enrichment book, so it can serve as a supplement to the main teaching materials.
Great 2011 said that the textbook is one of the strategic learning resources to improve the
quality of education. Research has been conducted on the study of a wide range of
literature relating to chemistry and material values relegius in the verses of the Quran and
supported by the experience and prepare for teaching chemistry textbooks. On the other hand,
Rosyada 2015 said that the integration of science and religion would be more effective to
try to articulate science with religion in any subject matters, either through exploration of
meaning explicit verse with scientific theory, or bringing back the theory of science in paragraph
through understanding the cues texts, so that all actions of Muslim weighs spirituality and
becomes an act of worship as a Muslim.
This study used the type of research and development R D that aim to develop the
Compedia of Quran for chemistry subjects, through
preliminary research
needs assessment, product development, and final
research test the effectiveness of the product. The development model used in this study was
Borg Gall 1989: 775-788, and then was operationalized into research and development
activities in accordance with the study. The instruments used in this study were:
a. Guidelines for the interview to identify the
potential and problems of conducting preliminary research on chemistry learning
in MA and its influencing factors, including the curriculum, teachers, teaching materials
and student characteristics.
b. Observation sheet for chemistry learning
tools, to examine what learning tool prepared by the teacher.
c. Form the material selection and review of
the literature for selecting the material to be made.
d. The expert validation sheet.
e. Product assessment sheet.
f. Questionnaire for student responses on using
the compendia. In accordance with the research objectives of
this development, then the data were obtained and the instruments used in this study include:
a. Qualitative data about the development
process of stage 1-5, obtained through descriptive notes and sheet product
assessment by subject matter experts, media specialists, and linguists.
b. The quantitative data from field trials in the
main stage acquired through product assessment sheet.
The qualitative data obtained were analyzed
descriptively, while quantitative data product testing were analyzed using descriptive
quantitative methods.
a. Development Process
Research and development compedia of the Quran for the chemistry subject was successfully
developed using a development model of Borg and Gall. Compedia of the Quran is one kind of
knowledge enrichment book, which contain materials of chemistry subjects written by
studying the verses of the Quran. This compedia is also equipped with teaching tips for teachers
and reflection for the readers. Compendia development was done through several stages of
review by two experts’ materials chemistry and Quranic studies, one media expert, and given
feedback by three teachers and 30 students of MA.
The process of drafting and developing compendia Al Quran procedures implemented
through several stages of development, namely: 1
Identify the potential and problems of conducting
preliminary research
on
224
chemistry learning in MA and its influencing factors, including the curriculum, teachers,
teaching materials
and student
characteristics. The initial research was conducted
through interviews and observations to teachers and students. Interviews showed
that learning chemistry in MA refers to the curriculum 2006 because the school was not
ready yet to implement the curriculum of 2013. MA in this case the teachers do not
provide specialized teaching materials that integrate Islamic values as well as review the
verses of the Quran to be delivered to students. Teachers find difficulty how to
integrate chemistry with Islamic values. Teachers also admitted the difficulty to find
the right verse and seek its interpretation to be integrated with the subject matter. Until
today there has been no training about the development of teaching materials based on
the integration of Islam and science.
Therefore, when
the proposed
development of this Compedia, teachers welcomed and hope can be realized to assist
teachers in presenting the chemistry material. Teachers also said they did not
understand the meaning of a compedia itself. Therefore, it is explained that the
compendia is a summaryoverview written to complement the main teaching materials
textbooks. So, the material in the compedia is not as widely and deeply in the textbooks,
but there is up-to-dated info linked with the
verse in Qur’an and it is important to increase the knowledge of the reader.
Results of interviews conducted to students in some madrassas 2 November
2015 revealed that teachers had not conveyed Islamic values and the content of
the Quran, which is integrated with chemistry subjects. Teachers usually give
additional tasks to search for articles on the internet for students who have completed at
one subject matter, while unresolved asked to get the remedial testing.
2 Selection of products Compedia of Quran
for Chemistry to be made, a tentative outline of what will be included in the
product and how the product will be used, the specific statements about the purpose of
the product is made.
In this step, discussions with the research team were held to choose the
features that will be included in the compedia. Based on the discussions, it was
agreed there are some features that are incorporated into the compedia, namely:
a Advance organizer
, an image match with the chapter and followed by verse
and translation. The purpose of giving advance organizer is to draw literacy
and a general description of the material.
b The main material
, the main discussion of chemistry materials, which are
described after paragraph presented along with its interpretation.
c Teaching tips
, a guide for teachers how to introduce chemistry terms are
actually cited in the Quran. For example the term dzarah as the
meaning of sub-atomic particles, not atoms; the word amad pole as an
analogy of the buffer, and so on. In addition to the introduction of the term,
teachers were also given tips on how to deliver the verses dealing with
chemistry materials.
d Reflection
, the study of how to be a better Muslim, which is actually
analogous to chemstry materials. e
The history of Muslim chemists contains
information of Muslim figures that contributed in the development of
science in general and chemistry in particular.
f Info chemistry
, an explanation of the development of chemistry
more applicable in daily life.
3 Review of the literature, which was to
determine the areas that are the focus of research, in this case studyreview focused
on literature relating to the problem of student competence; study the verses of the
Quran that match with the content in chemistry eg, atoms, molecules, chemical
bonding, acid-base, and so on; and research development. In this step, discussions were
held with the research team, to select the material that will be developed into a
compedia. Selection results presented in Table 1.
225
Table 1. The results of material selection and review of the literature
No. Material
Review Selection
Chapter Title Yes
No Atomic Structure
In a verse of the Quran about the dzarrah
, which is interpreted as a subatomic particle.
✔ Menguak Dzarrah, Bagian dari
Atom translation:
Revealing Dzarrah, part of the Atom
Periodic System of Elements
✔ The Chemical Bond
According to the Quran, the material world is always in pairs, as well as atoms
are linked together by chemical bonds. ✔
Penciptaan Materi secara Berpasangan
translation: Matter Creation in Couples
Stoichiometry Everything God created in a certain size.
Similarly, chemical reactions that occur also because of their size amount
specified by the Fundamental Law of Chemistry.
✔ Hukum-Hukum Allah dalam
Ilmu Kimia translation:
Laws of God in Chemistry
Thermochemistry ✔
Reaction Rate ✔
Chemical Equilibrium Everything has been created equal, even
the processes that occur in nature that do not seem too are created equal though.
Environmental balance is dynamic, which means constantly changing but
remain in balance for the amount of accretion balanced by the amount of
reduction. ✔
Kesetimbangan Kimia translation:
Chemical equilibrium
Acid Base There are verses of the Quran, which
describes the type of seawater and river water. The verse implicitly explained
about acids and bases, adzabun furat and milhun ujaj
. Tasteless, salty and bitter are characteristic of acids and bases. So the
verse tells us one of them about the solution of acid and base.
✔ Karunia
Asam Basa translation: The Mercy of
Acid and Base
Buffer The word amad on Q.S. Ar - Rad: 2
means the pole, the point supporting the objects that lie on it. All objects are
spread on the ground certainly require a pole as a prop. In terms of chemistry,
also known buffer solution is one of the forms in the blood. We can maintain the
pH of the blood although we eat foods that are too acidic because we have a
blood buffer systems which maintain the pH.
✔ Larutan Penyangga
translation: Buffer
Hydrolysis There is a verse that describes the sea
contains salt, where the salt can run into hydrolysis.
✔ Hidrolisis Garam
translation: hydrolysis
Solubility and Solibility Product Constants K
sp
✔ Colloidal System
Many verses pertaining colloidal system, one of the clouds and fog.
✔ Sistem Koloid
translation: Colloidal System
Colligative Properties of Solution
✔ Redox Reactions and
Electrochemistry Word maraja on Q.S. Ar - Rahman: 19-
20 originally means a release. This word is used among others to describe the
animals are released to find their own meaning. Removing the sea in the sense
of letting it flow freely. The most appropriate meaning for the verses that
speak of this ocean is flowing and it can be analogous to the flow of electricity.
✔ Misteri Aliran Listrik dalam
Reaksi Redoks dan Elektrokimia
translation: Mystery Electrical Flow in
Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry
Chemical Elements With a variety of different contexts found
in the Quran about gold and silver as a precious metal Surah Al Imran [3]: 14
and Al - Tawbah [9]: 34, as a luxury jewelery Surat al - Zukhruf [43]: 33-53,
and as a sign of Gods gift that will be given to the dwellers of paradise Surah
Al -Hajj [22]: 23 and Al - Kahf [18]: 31. ✔
Kekuatan Unsur-Unsur Kimia translation: The power of
Chemical Elements
226
No. Material
Review Selection
Chapter Title Yes
No Organic Compounds
Allah mentions fruits that can be consumed at once can produce a
beverage. Its just that these drinks can be something bad because of intoxicating.
Q.S An- Nahl: 67 confirms that both the fruit can produce two different things,
namely the strong drink and good provision. If so, a good strong drink that
comes from grapes and dates is not a good provision.
✔ Rezeki dari Senyawa Organik
translation: Sustenance of
Organic Compounds
Macromolecules An-Nahl word is the plural form of an-
nahlah which means bee. In Surah An- Nahl verses 68-69, God explains that the
bee was awarded an ability to produce things that are awesome, that something
out of the stomach in the form of drinks variety of colors, which in this case is
usually called honey as a cure for humans. Honey is one example of
carbohydrates macromolecules. ✔
Makromolekul yang Halal translation: Halal
Macromolecules
4 Planning, which determines the specific
objectives to be achieved by the products to be made, the intended use of the product,
who the users of the product, a description of the components of the product and its use.
In this step has determined specific objectives of compedia, namely:
a. The intended use of the product
Compedia of the Quran was developed to supplement textbooks that
are usually used by students in learning chemistry. So we can say that this
product is an enrichment book, which contains additional knowledge about
the chemistry and connection with the verses of the Quran relating to such
materials. Aside from being a source of additional learning, this book can also
be
used by
teachers as
a manualguideline how to integrate
chemistry materials with Islamic values and the verses of the Quran.
b. Description of the components of the
product and its use In general, the compendia printed
in B5 size in accordance with ISO standards and has advanced features
such as an organizer, teaching tips, reflection, the history of Muslim
chemists, and chemistry information.
5 Development of the draft initial product,
developed in
collaboration with
professionals or people who have the skills required for its development, including the
cross study programs to assess aspects of the review of the Quran.
After the determination of any material that will be developed along with its
features, the next step is to develop a draft of the initial product. At this stage, after
determining the subject matter, eg Atomic Structure and Elements Periodic System,
followed by assessment of the verses of the Quran, which have been interpreted. One of
the main references used in this study is Tafsir Al Misbah, because the explanation is
more general and able to explain aspects of the scientist. For example the word dzarah
in other commentators referred to as the ant eggs andor dust, but the interpretation of Al
Misbah explained as partatomic particles, since referred to as the smallest particles.
Having found a paragraph along with the interpretation that best suits the
chemistry material, the next step is to assemble the verse and the interpretation and
integrate the chemistry material. Each of the chapters the subject matter is finished, then
attempted to write Tips Teaching for teachers as a guide to how to teach it to
students and Reflection, in terms of everyday life, for example: No matter how
tiny human actions will not escape the scrutiny of God, everything will be recorded
in the book of deeds page 11 of the book compedia.
After the initial draft is finished, the next step is to implement FGD with lecturers
chemistry education and physics education background who are concerned with the
development of integration Islam and science to give feedback on the initial draft.
6 The field trials early stage and revision of the
product, in this case do preliminary testing through initial product assessment by two
subject matter
experts, one
expert medialanguages that includes assessment
material aspects chemistry and Quran,
227
layout, and language. After the initial draft and improvement
through FGD, the next step is field test of early stages. This stage involves some
experts, the subject matter expert chemistry and Quranic studies and a linguist. Some
aspects were reviewed by an expert chemical materials are:
a.
Compliance with the educational objectives
b. Compliance with the development of
science c.
Reasoning ability development d.
Truth chemical concepts e.
The suitability of the material to the level of students progress
f. Systematically logic
g. Understanable presentation
h. Creativity development
i. The absence of elements of SARA,
Gender Bias, and Violations of Human Rights and Copyrights
As for subject matter experts review the Quranic studies includes the following aspects:
a. Truth letteringverse of the Quran
b. Truth interpretation of the Quran
c. Suitability verses of the Quran and
chemistry materials d.
Integration of
Islam and
chemistryscience All those suggestions are presented in Table
2. Table 2. Chemical materials expert advice and review the Quran to the draft initial product
Chapters Page
Suggestions Atomic Structure
9 Should be given the size of the mass of atoms protons, neutrons, and electrons so that the
reader can imagine how small the atom. If it is associated with the verses of the Quran can be taken wisdom that Allah SWT give attention to the very small thing that human alone can no
longer imagine the size as small as atoms. That is the greatness of God as the creator. 10
Should be given the fusion reaction of atoms, so readers know the nuclear reaction. As afterthought wisdom, it turns out that humans should not underestimate the small things.
Something small can make a big thing and can be destroyed. The Chemical Bond
19 Should be given an example of the formation of ionic compounds or Lewis structure covalent
compounds compounds NaCl or CO
2
are often found in daily life so as to strengthen the paragraph about pairs.
Fundamental Law of Chemistry
22 Should be given examples of the application of Dalton Law or Proust Law, which explains that
the compound is formed by the composition of the specific substance. To strengthen the verses that everything is measured.
24 Should be given an example titration to determine the level of vitamin C to strengthen the verses
that explain the levels and chemical information about the vitamin C. Chemical
Equilibrium 35
Examples of the manufacture of ammonia given Kc value that can be associated with a verse about the concept tawazun.
Acid and Base 41
Should be given an example of the neutralization reaction to give a real picture of the verses describing the concept of fresh, salty, and bitter.
Buffer 47
Should be given to contemplate that God has compiled an incredible buffer systems in the human body so that human has the blood in a stable pH even though they consume foods that
tend to be acidic or base. Hydrolysis
54 Giving the example of the four types of salt re-associated with the letter al-Fatir verse 12 about
the And the two seas kinds of water are not alike, this fresh sweet, and pleasant to drink, and that saltish and bitter
. ”
Colloidal System 57
Ad-dukhan word actually means mist or dust? Although many translations call it a fog, but
according to the explanation of the clergy, word dukhan described as scattered dust of the land by drought al-misbah. Chemically clearly different between the fog of dust if it is associated
with the concept of chemistry. Dukhan words should be explained in more detail such words dzarah
sub-atom because the meaning of words dukhan dustmist is an example of the real material and studied in colloidal systems.
Redox Reactions and
Electrochemistry 65
Should be given a picture of the circuit arrangement electrochemistry tool, so that the reader gets a clear picture of the two substances that cannot be mixed.
Organic Compounds 82
Should be given examples of fermentation reactions of grapes and dates as explaination of an- Nahl verse 67 which explains the origin of all things good, but it can also be intoxicating if we
mismanage and consume. It can also be coupled discussion on tapai. Is the tapai containing alcohol haram or halal, because tapai is Indonesian indigenous food.
Macromolecul The composition of the editorial reorganized to read more systematic
228
The result of suggestions from subject matter experts and review the Quran used to
improve the initial draft of the compendia. Media and language experts only focus on two aspects,
namely the layout – illustration and typography.
In general, there is no meaningful suggestion; only the size of the Arabic letters needs to be
enlarged to be proportional to other text.
7 The main stages of field trials small-scale
and the revision of the product, which is conducted on three chemistry teacher and
three study groups of MA.
The initial products, which have been revised by experts and the product is
assumed to be valid, then tested on a limited respondent to 3 MA, ie MAN Maguwoharjo
Sleman, MAN Wonokromo Bantul, and MA Wahid Hasyim Yogyakarta and involved 3
study groups on each MA.
b. Data Quality Products of Compendia and
