commit to user 10
CHAPTER III DISCUSSION
A. Brief History of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat
In accordance with R. Ay. Sri Winarti P. 2004, p. 15 and the citation from the official website of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, www.karatonsurakarta.com, in
16 century before Dutch colonized Dutch East Indies, Indonesia, which used to be called
Nusantara
Archipelago consists of several kingdoms competing each other to have an authority of Java island. The last kingdom is known as Mataram II, which
was founded by Prince Senopati in 1587. In his golden age, the influence of the kingdom is not only extended to Java Island but also to the state, which is today
called Malaysia. Still under the administration of King Hamangkurat II, Mataram Kingdom, which used to be situated in Kota Gede, had moved for several times
during 1587-1680. He is the king who founded palace in Kartasura, near Solo city, too. However, in the ages of his government, the relation between the Kingdom and
Dutch was getting worse. When Hamangkurat III to ok over his father’s position,
Dutch allied with his competitive prince, Sunan Paku Bunowo I, to help him to be the new king.
The coronation of Paku Buwono I was followed by several wars of struggle for the throne. Because of Dutch’s intervention, the grandchild of Paku Buwono I
could be the next king, to be Paku Buwono II. During the government of Paku
10
commit to user 11
Buwono II, there was a rebellion of Chinese people led by Raden Mas Garendi, the grandchild of Hamangkurat II, in Kartasura, and he won the battle to take charge of
Kartasura Palace. This rebellion is widely known as
Geger Pecinan
, the destruction of Kartasura palace. Since that, Raden Mas Garendi is called Sunan Kuning or Sunan
Hamangkurat V. This occurrence caused Paku Buwono II evacuated to Ponorogo, East Java. For lapse of some times, Paku Buwono II succeeded to grab Kartasura
Palace back from the rebel. As the order of the kingdom, a palace, which is once controlled by enemy,
could not be used anymore. Then, Paku Buwono II decided to move the palace to Surakarta. This decision wa
s made after considering the kingdom’s shamans who gave three villages to choose, among Sala, Kadipolo, or Sonosewu village. Finally,
the best choice was taken by considering the future of the palace based on good spirit. Sala Solo village was chosen to be the area where to build the new palace. Then, the
name of palace was changed to be Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat by Paku Buwono II, who was also the first king of this new kingdom. After several times, there were
some agreements, which split the kingdom to be Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat in Solo and Karaton Kasultanan Yogyakarta in Yogyakarta. Then, each kingdom was
separated more to be Karaton Surakarta and Pura Mangkunegaran, as well as Karaton Yogyakarta and Pakualam. Nevertheless, until now, the pedigree of Karaton
Surakarta Hadiningrat kings has reached to Paku Buwono XIII.
commit to user 12
Here is the pedigree of the kings: Susuhunan Hamangkurat Agung
Hamangkurat I
Susuhunan Paku Buwono I Pangeran Puger
Karaton Surakarta Susuhunan Hamangkurat Amral
Hamangkurat II
Susuhunan Hamangkurat Mas
Kencet Hamangkurat III
Pangeran Teposono
Susuhunan Hamangkurat Jawa Hamangkurat IV
Karaton Kartasura
Raden Mas Garendi Sunan Kuning
Hamangkurat V Susuhunan Paku Buwono II
Karaton Kartasura Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat
Susuhunan Paku Buwono III-XIII Karaton Surakarta
commit to user 13
B. The Potentials of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat as Tourist Attraction in
Kategori