The professionalism of the guiding technique in karaton surakarta hadiningrat triana
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
i
THE PROFESSIONALISM OF THE GUIDING TECHNIQUE
IN KARATON SURAKARTA HADININGRAT
FINAL PROJECT REPORT
Submitted as a Partial Requirement in Obtaining Degree in the English Diploma Program, Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts,
Sebelas Maret University
By:
Triana Lestiyawati C9309079
ENGLISH DIPLOMA PROGRAM
FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
(2)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
(3)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
(4)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
iv
MOTTO
People become really quite remarkable when they start thinking that they can do things. When they believe in themselves they have the first secret of success.
(Norman Vincent Peale)
What we can or cannot do, what we consider possible or impossible, is rarely a function of our true capability. It is more likely a function of our beliefs about who
we are. (Anthony Robbins)
(5)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
v
DEDICATION
This Final Project is dedicated to:
Allah SWT
My beloved parents
My beloved sisters, Herwi Susilowati and Kencana Lia
(6)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
vi
PREFACE
The writer would like to say thank to God Almighty for helps, and blessing during the process of this final project. The writer also thank to everyone who always helped her in completing this final project.
In this final project report, the writer researches the professionalism of the guiding technique in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. The final project report also contains information about the result of the research, covering the problems emerged and the solutions provided.
The writer realizes that this final project report still has some shortcoming. Any correction, suggestion, and criticism are expected to make it better. The writer also hope that this final project can be useful for readers.
Surakarta, July 19th 2012
(7)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirobbil’ alamin. First for all, I would like to thanks to Allah
SWT, The One and Only, God Almighty, for everything during the process of this final project. I believe that it is impossible to finish it without the spirit and the helps of some people. Therefore I would like to thanks with people who help and support me during completing this final project.
1. The Dean of the Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts, Sebelas Maret University,
Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed, Ph.D.
2. The Head of English Diploma Program, Yusuf Kurniawan, S.S, M.A. for
the highest dedication to English Diploma Students.
3. My Academic Supervisor, M.Farkhan. M.D, S.Ag. M.Ag. I thank you for
your support during my study.
4. My Supervisor, Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A, Ph.D. I thank you for your
advise and guidance in finishing this final project report.
5. All Lecturers of English Diploma Program.
6. KGPH. Puger. BA as the Head of museum in Karaton Surakarta
Hadiningrat. I am grateful to you for accepting me to have the job training.
7. All officers of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. Thanks for your advise,
kindness during the job training. I do apologize if I made mistakes during the job training.
8. My beloved parents. Thank you for everything.
9. My sisters, Herwi Susilowati , Kencana Lia Lianawati.
10. My beloved best friend, Fitri, Ummul, Septian, Arin, Vero, Winahyu, Tiara,
Veni, Nova, Lia, Mayang, Fiska, Surya, Wahyu. Thank you for your help and spirit.
11. All my friends of class C and of English Diploma Program of 2009 year.
(8)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
viii
ABSTRACT
Triana Lestiyawati. 2012. The professionalism of the guiding technique in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. English Diploma Program, Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts. Sebelas Maret University.
This final project is written based on the job training activity in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. The purposes of this final project are to describe the events and cultural heritages in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, to describe the guiding technique in Karaton Surakarta Hadinigrat, and to find out the problems, and the solutions of Karaton Surakarta in the scope of guiding. The result shows that Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat has a lot of cultural heritages and traditional events. The guiding technique used by the guides of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat are by preparing performance such as dressing traditionally and behaving, mastering the explanation and language, conducting the process of guiding by describing the tourist attraction consists of preparing, opening, material explanation, closing. Here, the guide not only describes the information about the site but also makes it interesting and memorable for visitors by using the strategies to attract the visitors such as making good relationship with visitors,
attracting tourist’s curiosity, inserting joke during guiding, and telling the
distinction of tourist attraction or mistic occurance. Besides the guides of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat can handle the problems from the visitors such as handling
lost material and handling the visitor’s complaint. The writer also found some problems; they are the lack of the guides who can speak English well and the lack of professional guides. By taking a course, recruiting professional guide and holding periodic evaluation from the management, those problems may be solved.
(9)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE ... i
APPROVAL OF SUPERVISOR ... ii
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS ... iii
MOTTO ... iv
DEDICATION ... v
PREFACE ... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... vii
ABSTRACT ... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... ix
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION A. Background ... 1
B. Objectives ... 2
C. Benefit ... 3
CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW A. Professionalism ... 4
B. Guide ... 4
C. The Classification of Guide … ... 5
D. The Duties of Guide ………. 8
E. Definition of Guiding Technique ... 9
(10)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
x
CHAPTER III: DISCUSSION
A. The Events and Cultural Heritages in Karaton Surakarta
Hadiningrat ... 11
B. The Professionalism of the Guiding Technique in Karaton
Surakarta Hadiningrat ... 14
C. The Problems and Solutions of Guiding Technique in Karaton
Surakarta Hadiningrat ... 23
D. The Activities During Job-Training ………... 26 E. The Achievement During Job-Training ……….... 29 CHAPTER IV: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusions ... 30
B. Suggestions ... 31
BIBLIOGRAPHY
(11)
PROFESIONALISME TEKNIK PEMANDUAN DI KARATON SURAKARTA HADININGRAT
Triana Lestiyawati1
Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph.D2
ABSTRAK
2012. Program Diploma III Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Sastra dan Seni Rupa, Universitas Sebelas Maret.
Tugas akhir ini ditulis berdasarkan hasil magang di Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. Tujuan dari penelitian laporan ini adalah untuk mendiskripsikan tentang upacara tradisional dan warisan budaya di Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, mendeskripsikan tentang teknik memandu di Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, menemukan masalah dan memberi solusi dari teknik memandu di Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat.
Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat memiliki banyak warisan budaya dan upacara tradisional.Teknik memandu digunakan oleh pemandu wisata di Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat dengan mempersiakan kinerja dengan berpakaian tradisional, berperilaku baik, menguasai penjelasan dan bahasa,
1
Mahasiswa DIII Bahasa Inggris dengan NIM C9309079
2
Dosen Pembimbing
memimpin proses memandu dengan menjelaskan tentang objek wisata yang terdiri dari persiapan, pembukaan, penjelasan, dan penutup.
Pemandu wisata di Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat tidak hanya menjelaskan tentang informasi dari objek wisata tetapi membuatnya menarik dan tidak terlupakan oleh pengunjung dengan menggunakan strategi untuk menarik pengunjung seperti membuat hubungan yang baik dengan pengunjung, menarik rasa keingintahuan dari pengunjung, memasukkan lelucon selama memandu, dan menceritakan tentang daya tarik objek wisata atau menceritakan tentang kejadian mistis di objek wisata. Selain itu, pemandu wisata Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat dapat menangani masalah dari pengunjung seperti pengunjung yang kehilangan barang mereka dan keluhan dari pengunjung.
Penulis juga menemukan beberapa masalah dari pemandu. Masalah itu adalah kurangnya pemandu wisata yang dapat berbicara bahasa Inggris dengan baik dan kurangnya pemandu wisata yang profesional. Dengan mengambil kursus, merekrut pemandu wisata yang profesional dan melakukan evaulasi secara berkala yang dilakukan oleh pengelola pariwisata, masalah-masalah tersebut bisa terselesaikan.
(12)
THE PROFESSIONALISM OF THE GUIDING
TECHNIQUE IN KARATON SURAKARTA HADININGRAT
Triana Lestiyawati1
Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph.D2
ABSTRACT
2012.English Diploma Program, Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts, Sebelas Maret University.
This final project is written based on the job training activity in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. The purposes of this final project are to describe the events and cultural heritages, to describe the guiding technique in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, and to find out the problems, and the solutions of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat in the scope of guiding.
The result shows that Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat has a lot of cultural heritages and traditional events. The guiding techniques used by the guides of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat are by preparing performance such as dressing traditionaly, behaving, mastering the explanation and language, conducting the process of guiding by describing the tourist attraction consists of preparing,
1
Mahasiswa DIII Bahasa Inggris dengan NIM C9309079
2
Dosen Pembimbing
opening, material explanation and closing.
The guide not only describes the information about the site but also makes it interesting and memorable for the visitors by using the strategies to attract the visitors such as making good relationship with visitors, attracting tourist’s curiosity, interesting joke during guiding, and telling the distinction of tourist attraction or mistic occurance. Besides the guide of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat cab handle the problems from the visitors such as handling lost material and handling visitor’s complaint.
The writer also found some problems; they are the lack of the guide who can speak English well and the lack of professional guides. By taking a course, recruiting professional guide and holding periodic evaluation from the management, those problems may be solved.
(13)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background
In Indonesia, tourism has become the sector, which influenced the economic condition. For the recent years, the development of the tourism industry in this country has increased. Tourism, as an influential sector in developing the country economy, has many important supporting components. One of them is tourist attraction.
Indonesia has a lot of fascinating tourist attractions that are shame not to
visit, espesially Surakarta city. Surakarta known as “ Solo” is one of tourist
destinations in Central Java province. There are many kinds of tourist attractions in this city and as we know that Solo is also known as the city of culture. Several cultural and historical heritages are available here such as Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, Puro Mangkunegaran, Radya Pustaka Museum, and Gedung Wayang Orang Sriwedari.
As we know, Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat is one of most visited tourist attractions in Solo city. This palace is regarded as the first place where Javanese culture appeared. Therefore, it has a big potential to attract tourists to come. As the
(14)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
2
Javanese culture founder, Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat has a lot of things to offer, such as traditional events, architectures, ancient equipments of culture, etc.
To be one of the main attractions in Solo which, the visitors are not only from domestic but also foreign, the management of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat also supports the facility of the site by providing internal guides. These internal guides also play a role in increasing the number of visitors.
It is important to know that in the scope of being a guide, the professionalism in treating the visitors is very necessary. Besides, the guide is also responsible in giving the accurate information for visitors about the attractions. Therefore, the guide should have global information about tourist attraction they will explain. In addition, the guide is also demanded to make the tourist attraction looks very interesting to visitors. To create those things, a guide needs to have good guiding technique.
From this explanation, the writer is interested to discuss the professionalism of the guiding technique using by the guides to guide the tourists in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat by making a paper entitled THE PROFESSIONALISM OF THE GUIDING TECHNIQUE IN KARATON SURAKARTA HADININGRAT.
B. Objectives
1. To describe the events and cultural heritages in Karaton Surakarta
(15)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
3
2. To describe the guiding technique in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat
3. To find out the problems and solutions about guiding technique in Karaton
Surakarta Hadiningrat
C. Benefits
1. For Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat
This final project can be useful by Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat to improve their quality of tourist attractions and give motivation or input to guides in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat to improve their ability.
2. For Readers
This final project can be useful for the reader to give knowledges about guiding technique and tourist attraction in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat.
(16)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
4
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Professionalism
Prabowohadi (1983, p. 17) mentions that professionalism is a skill or a quality of a person that shows a high standard of work.
In addition, Amato (1979, p. 19) suggests the professionalism of guide can be seen from the ability to communicate and to give people what they really need.
From those definitions, the writer concludes that professionalism of a guide is a skill of the guide with a high standard of work seen from their ability to communicate and to give good service.
B. Guide
According to Suwantoro (1997, p. 13), guides is someone who gives
explanation and direction to the tourists and other travelers about everything that they would like to see when they visit an object or certain places.
Whereas, Kesrul (2004, p. 3) states that a guide is a person who gives guidance, explanation, and direction about tourist attraction, and who helps tourist from the beginning until the end of tour activities.
(17)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
5
Meanwhile, in Muhajir’s book, Soenarno (2005, p. 11) says that a guide is
someone who has a duty to accompany and to explain to the visitors about tourist attraction.
To sum up those definitions, a guide is a person who accompanies and explains certain tourist attraction. Besides, the guide also has a responsibility to help tourists from the beginning until the end of a tour.
C. The Classification of Guide
According to Muhajir (2005, p. 13), the types of guide are divided as follows:
1. Based on the place where the guide conducts the duty, they are:
a. Local Guide ( On-side guide)
A local guide ( On-side guide) is a guide who handles a tour for one hour or a few hours in special place such as tourist attraction or limited areas, for example historical building, museum, fabric, and scientific research center.
b. City Guide
A city guide is a guide who escorts tourist and gives information about main tourist attraction in a city. The guiding process is usually done on bus or other vechiles.
(18)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
6
2. Based on the specification of the guide, they are:
a. Special Guide
A special guide is a guide who has special duty in one of tourist attractions.
b. General Guide
A general guide is a guide who is not only on duty in one tourist attraction, but also wherever when he/she is required. General guide should have extensive knowledge about the history of tourist attraction, culture, art, etc.
3. Based on the tourist’s origin and country where the tour is held, they are:
a. In-Bound Tour Guide
An in-bound tour guide is a guide who handles foreigner having a tour in the country where the guide works.
b. Out-Bound Tour Guide
An out-bound tour guide is a guide who accompanies tourist to go abroad.
c. Domestic Tour Guide
A domestic tour guide is a guide who handles local tourists having a tour in their own country.
4. Based on the Status, they are:
a. Payroll Guide
A payroll guide is a guide who works only in travel agent or tourism institution. Payroll guide is also called full-time guide or guide staff.
(19)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
7
b. Freelance Guide
A freelance guide is a guide who works in a tourism travel agent as a part-time guide, or step-on guide who works in certain season. This guide usually works when they get a call from the agency.
5. Based on the level, they are:
The duties of the guide are arranged in the letter of decree by Minister of Tourism, Post and Telecommunications No. KM 82/PW/102/MPPT-88 about tourism and tour manager. Based on the letter of decree, the types of guide are divided as follows:
a. Young Guide
A young guide is a guide who works in a region level II where the guide’s
certificate is given. The certificate is obtained from a course or an exam with specific requirement.
b. Medium Guide
A medium guide is a guide who works in a region level I where the
guide’s certificate is given.
c. Tour manager
A tour manager is an official of tourism travel agent who has knowledge and skill. It is also able to handle a group of tourists.
(20)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
8
6. Based on the number of tourists to be handled, they are:
a. Group Tour Guide
A group tour guide is a guide who handles the tourist in a group. This guide is often called GIT (Group Inclusive Tour).
b. Individual Tour Guide
An individual tour guide is a guide who handles individual tourist. This guide is known as FIT (Free Individual Traveler).
D. The Duties of Guide
Prabowohadi (1983, p. 16) states that the duties of the guide are described as follows:
1. General Guide
a. Giving information about tourist attraction and guiding individual or
group of tourist
b. Giving general information about history, culture, art, biodiversity, social
spiritual perspective, and certain community of a nation
c. Giving the assistance in finishing the departure and the arrival process of
tourists
d. Helping the tourists in finishing their administration process
e. Giving guarantee of comfort and satisfaction for the tourist during his/her
(21)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
9
2. Special Guide
a. Giving the guidance and the information of certain tourist attraction,
which has special characteristics such as museum, archeology, art, wild life safari, etc., by using one or several languages
b. Giving the assistance in finishing the administration of the tourist, the
third person, and the travel agent directly or indirectly according to the characteristic of tourist attraction where he/she works
c. Giving the guarantee of comfort, confidence and satisfaction of the
tourists during the guidance
E. Definition of Guiding Technique
Suroso (1993/1994. p. 24) suggests the guiding technique is the medium in transferring and directing on both sides and it is not only intellectually and in-personally related, but it is multi-dimensionally related which carry psychological, didactic affection and methodology.
F. Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat
Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat was the main succesor of the Mataram dynasty that was built by Senopati prince in 1587. Under the administration of Amangkurat II, Mataram Palace was located in Kota Gedhe, Yogyakarta. However, in that time, this palace had moved several time. After these several movements, the palace was finally built in Kartasura in 1680.
(22)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
10
After Amangkurat II died, Karaton Kartasura was replaced by Amangkkurat III who was known as Sunan Mas. In his leadership, the governmet system was influenced by the Dutch. But actually, Sunan Mas took sides on Untung Suropati, the man who rebelled against the Dutch. Because of that, Amangkurat III was seized by
Pangeran Puger who was later named Paku Buwono I through the Dutch’s aid.
Paku Buwono I died in 1719 and then Paku Buwono II replaced him. In his authority, the kingdom was revolted by Chinese. This reveolt was called Geger Pecinan which effected the damage of Kartasura palace. Therefore, Kartasura palace was moved to Sala village and was named Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat on Wednesday, 17 February 1745.
After Paku Buwono II died, there was a disagreement among the king’s
family to choose the next king. The Dutch interfered in the king’s selection and it
became worse. Finally, it could be settled by Giyanti agreement on 13 February 1755 where the region of kingdom was divided into two parts, Kasunanan palace in Surakarta and Kasultanan palace in Yogyakarta. Then, each kingdom was ruptured into two parts, where Surakarta palace was divided into Kasunanan and Mangkunegaran and Yogyakarta palace was divided into Kasultanan and Pakualam.
In Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, the king’s pedigree has reached to Paku
Buwono XIII. Under the administration of Paku Buwono XII, Karaton Surakarta Hadinigrat was opened on 23 March 1963 for public as a cultural tourist attraction.
(23)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
11
CHAPTER III
DISCUSION
A. The Events and Cultural Heritages in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat
There are many cultural events and heritages in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat to be tourist attraction and to increase the quantity of visitors.
1. Events of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat are as follows:
a. Jamasan Nyai Setomi
Jamasan Nyai Setomi is one of traditional ceremonies in Karaton Surakarta Hadinigrat that can attract visitors to come. This event has existed since Paku Buwono II. It is held three times a year on
Rabiulawwal, Syawwal, and Dzulhijjah, (months of Muslim’s
calender). Jamasan Nyai Setomi is traditional ceremony for
cleaning the cannon Nyai Setomi. It is one of the cannons in Siti
Hinggil of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. There is an assumption that this event is held to glorify the sacred cannon, which has magical power. It is expected to give the blessing and salvation for all of human.
b. Sekaten
Sekaten is a famous traditional event in Surakarta that can also attract many visitors. The visitors do not only come from Solo city, but also from other cities. Sekaten has existed since Demak kingdom. Precisely, when the leadership of first Islamic king who
(24)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
12
was Sultan Syah Alam Akbar Jumbun Srirullah Brawijaya, or also known as Raden Patah. It is held for celebrating of Muhammad SAW’s birthday on 12th Rabiulawwal. This annual event is started by playing gamelan (traditional instruments) Kyai Guntur Sari and
Kyai Guntur Madu at 4 pm on Rabi’ al-awwal 5th in Agung
Mosque of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. The age of the
traditional instruments is nine centuries. Then, the Gamelan are
moved from the mosque to the palace on 12th Rabiulawwal and followed by Gunungan ceremony. There are three Gunungan in
Gunungan ceremony such as Gunungan Lanangan, Gunungan
Wadon and Gunungan Anakan.
2. Cultural heritages of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat are as follows:
a. Siti Hinggil
Siti Hinggil is a building, which was built in the south of
Pagelaran and the location is higher than Pagelaran area. Ticket’s
price is Rp.5000 for Siti Hinggil area and museum of ancient carts
and cars. The name of Siti Hinggil has the meanings as “Siti”
means land and “Hinggil” means high. Therefore, Siti Hinggil is
the building, which is higher than other buildings. It was built in 1701 under Paku Buwana III authority. Siti Hinggil used to oversee the people who want to get the justice from the king. There are also many buildings and cannons in Siti Hinggil.
(25)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
13
b. Museum
1) The Palace Art Gallery and Museum
There are many collections in Museum of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. Many items are displayed such as wooden masks used for classical Javanese dance, daggers (keris), the picture of royal family, and antique decoration
of the King’s yacht called Kyai Rajamala. There is a special room for showing the ritual of Javanese royal wedding and other rooms showing a scene of shadow pupet performance.
2) Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat
There are several buildings in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat such as Panggung Sangga Buwono. It is a tower, which has four floors and it was built in 1708. It is
used to be the king’s meditation place. Another building is
Sasono Sewaka. It is one of Javanese buildings that is often called Pendopo, pavilion. It was built in 1767 and is used for the place of kingdom ceremonies, for example,
the king’s birthday party. The next building is Sasana
Handrawina. It is a building used as a banquet for the state visitors and royal family. It was built in 1823 by Paku Buwono V. Besides, there is large yard in Karaton
(26)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
14
Surakarta Hadiningrat. 76 Kecik Sapodilla trees are planted
there.
B. The Professionalism of the Guiding Technique in Karaton
Surakarta Hadiningrat
The technique guiding in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat is very important to give good service for visitors. The guiding technique applied by the guides of Karaton Surakarta comprises the following factors.
1. Performance
To get a good impression of visitors, the performance of guide is one of the things which has to be noticed in the guiding process. The performances are divided into several parts. They are:
a. Cloth
The guides in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat have official
uniform. They wear Batik (traditional pictorial cloth that is made
by using manual wax-resist dyeing technique), Blangkon (male
batik headdress), and Samir (yellow and red colored scarf). The
guides always use the uniform when they are on duty to guide the visitors in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. Every Wednesday and
Saturday, the guides wear Beskap (a kind of formal men’s shirts in
Javanese traditional) and Kebaya (a traditional blouse-dress
(27)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
15
b. Attitude
The guides of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat have a good attitude in guiding the visitors. It is very important for the guides in guiding process because they should create good image from visitors. Every guide always explains about tourist attraction in front of the visitors. During the guiding, the visitors will pay attention to the guides. Therefore, the guides should behave to create good image from the visitors. In the guiding process, the guide looks all visitors entirely to convince his/her explanation.
c. Principle
The guides of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat have a principle that
“the visitor is the family”. Therefore, the visitors are given the best service as their wishes. Besides, the guide should care and keep the visitors. During conducting their duties, the guides have several principles to do, such as:
1) Giving a good first impression
2) Servicing the visitors as their wishes
3) Satisfying the visitors about the information of tourist
attraction
(28)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
16
2. Mastering Intellectuality
a. Mastering Language
Language is the most important thing in the guiding process. As we know that the responsibility of guides are to give information and to be a leader for the visitor. So, language is an important thing to communicate with them.
There are many visitors who come to Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat such as domestic tourist and foreign tourist. It makes the guides master more than one language such as English, Japanese, and Germany. There, the guides often use English because English is international language.
Based on the observation there are a few guides of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat who can speak English well and they do not have good vocabulary and pronunciation.
b. Mastering Material of Explanation
In every guiding process, the guides of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat master the material of explanation because one of the duties of the guide is to give explanation clearly to visitor.
(29)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
17
3. Process of Guiding
a. Preparation
1) Personal Preparation
a) Preparing the appearance
The guides always check the apperance for neatness and cleanliness.
2) Technical Preparation
a) Identifying the visitor’s background
The guide of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat identifies the background of the visitors such as age, nationality and education. It is used to prepare the presentation in accordance with background of the visitors.
b) Identifying the number of the visitor
The guides also have to prepare the instrument such as megaphone if the number of visitors more than 15 people.
b. Opening
The guide of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat begins the tour by meeting visitors in front of ticket counter or in front of museum. The tour is started by greeting and introduction. In the introduction, the guide uses familiar greeting by introducing the name and the duties to visitors.
(30)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
18
The purpose of introduction is to give general description of what visitors are going to see in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. The guide also explains about the rules of the museum visitation such as the visitor are forbidden to touch the collection in the museum
because the human’s touch can damage the fragile collection, the
visitors are also not allowed to use sandal when they stand in the yard of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat as a symbol to honor the king.
c. Material of Explanation
The methods of the guide of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat in explaining the material are devided into two parts, they are:
1) Group method
a) Using good language, good communication with clear
voice, and good mimic impression.
b) Giving clear explanation
The guide explains clearly without any hesitation. Therefore, the guide masters the material completely.
c) Giving logic explanation
The guide gives logic explanation based on common meaning, so that the visitors will believe the explanation.
(31)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
19
d) Giving balance presentation
To avoid boredom, the guide should be balance when she/he explains the materials for tourists. To do this thing, the guides of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat insert jokes or use mysterious phenomenon that happens in the tourist attraction. However, firstly, the guide should identify the backgroud of the visitors.
2) Individual method
a) Shaking hands
b) Giving souvenir if necessary
c) Introducing the name
d) Satisfying the visitor can be done by:
a. Answering all the questions
b. Giving more times for the visitor to observe the
collection
c. Giving more times for the visitor to take the
picture for recollection
d. Closing
Closing is done at the end of the tour. The guide ends the tour by giving the chance to the visitors whether they have any questions to ask. The guide of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat also conveys the conclusions and the expectations. Beside that, the guide can
(32)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
20
attraction. The last, the guide extends the grateful for their visit to the tourist attraction and asks for forgiveness whether there are any circumstances that probably cause the visitors feel disappointed and uncomfortable.
4. Strategis in attracting the visitor’s interest
a. Making good relationship with visitors
The guide in Karaton Surakarata Hadiningrat tries to make an emotional relationship with visitors. It can be done by giving
attention to visitor’s needs and regarding visitors like family, for
example, by showing the friendliness and giving the question for the visitors whether the presentation is clear or not. A guide can also give a small gift for visitors.
b. Attracting tourist’s curiosity
Generally, every person has curiosity about everything that they do not understand. In this case, the guide of Karaton Surakarta
Hadiningrat use the sense of tourist’s curiosity by giving him a
question. For example, when the writer observed the guide in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, he said (explanation for Panggung
Songgo Buwono) “Do you know the function of this building?”
and then the guide continues it with full explanation to satisfy
(33)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
21
c. Inserting joke during guiding
The guide of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat creates some jokes or humor when he/she explains about tourist attraction. Some jokes can make visitor interested and avoid them from boredom. Besides, the guide should identify the characteristic of visitors because there may be a visitor who does not like to joke.
d. Telling the distinction of the tourist attraction
Telling the distinction of tourist attraction can also make visitor fascinated. For example, when the writer observed the guide in
Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, he said; “Karaton Surakarta
Hadiningrat is the oldest palace in Central Java. This kingdom is
also believed as the center of birth of Javanese culture”.
e. Mystical occurance
Unusual phenomenon or strange happening can be an incentive
thing to attract visitor’s interest. For example, the guide of
Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat said: (explanation for Pendopo
Sasono Sewoko) “If you get into Sasono Sewaka, you will
suddenly fall. That is why there is a boundary for the visitors. You
can believe it or not”.
5. Handling the Problem
A guide can have problem when they are on guiding process. The problems that are often encountered by the guide are:
(34)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
22
a. Handling lost material
The visitor often loses their goods during a tour, for example loss of baggage, passport, money, wallet and etc. It can occur at the airport, bus station, or hotel. The guide can help the visitors who lost their stuff. To solve this problem, the guide should report this occurrence to the security office.
For example, the writer observed in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat that he met a tourist from Malang who lost his wallet. The guide said, “I apologize for this incident. I will help you to look for your wallet. I will report this problem to the security officer. If your wallet is not found today, please write your name and your phone number in the security book. We will call you to
confirm whether your wallet is already found or not”.
b. Handling the visitor’s complaint
The visitor’s complaints are not only about the guiding service but
also the facilities and all services available during a tour. The guide should be able to handle it wisely by using the principles of listening, understanding, investigating and apologizing. Every complaint must be reported to the head of the management in order to evaluate the service and the facilities. Therefore, the complaint will not appear again in the future.
For example, when the writer observed the guide in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. The guide met domestic tourist (she
(35)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
23
complaint about the facilities in Siti Hinggil that the bathroom is
not clean). “I apologize for the facility which is not maximum in Siti Hinggil , I will report your complaint to the head of the management as the evaluation to increase the facility to be more
maximum”.
C. The Problems and Solutions of Guiding Technique in Karaton Surkarta
Hadiningrat
The guide faced many problems when doing the duties. These problem makes the visitors not satisfied with the guiding service.
1. The problems of Guides
a. The lack of guides who masters English well
The guides of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat have a weakness in speaking English. It can be seen from the following aspects:
1) Education Backgroud
Some of guides in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat do not have skill in speaking English. Whereas, the skill in speaking English is important in being a guide. There are two problems that often happen when the guide speaks English.
a) Pronunciation
Mostly, the pronunciation becomes the guide’s
(36)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
24
does not have good skill in speaking English. The guide does not take a course to improve their English. For example, the writer observed a guide when he was guiding the tourist from France. When explaining
about Panggung Sangga Buwono, the guide says, “The
building is so high”. “High” said as /’hī/ not /hēth/ . It made the tourist confused.
b) Vocabulary
The lack of vocabulary repertory often makes the guide difficult to deliver the information to the visitors. Whereas, a guide is an intrepeter or a translator agent in giving all information for the visitor. Therefore, the guide should have more vocabularies in their repertory. If the guide does not have a lot of vocabularies, it will complicate himself/herself. For example, the writer observed a guide when guiding a tourist from Canada. The guide wanted to explain about the buildings in Siti Hinggil. But, she looked difficult to deliver infrormation because she has no enough vocabulary repertory.
b. The lack of profesional guides
A profesional guide is one of important things in tourism. A profesional guide in certain tourist attraction is potential to
(37)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
25
increase the number of visitors because the visitor feel satisfied of the service. There are a few profesional guides in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. The problems of the rest of the guides exclude the professional ones are:
1) Giving the incomplete explanation
In the guding process, the guides in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat do not give detail information to the visitors. Some attractions are not described completely by the guides. It seems that they wanted to finish the guiding process quickly and moved to the visitors to get more tips from the other ones.
2) Giving less proper attitudes
The guides in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat have less proper attitude in giving service to the visitors. The guides will not escort the visitors if they do not get any tip. Whereas, the duties of profesional guide are to give the information and to give the best service for the visitors.
2. The solutions of the guide’s problem
a. Taking a course of foreign language
The guide should take a course to increase the skill in foreign language. The course can be done by taking own course. Besides, tourism management in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat can also
(38)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
26
provide course for the guides who want to improve the skill in mastering foreign language.
b. Recruiting professional guide
Tourism management of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat should recruit professional guide to increase the quality, service, and
visitor’s satisfaction. However, the management seems less paying attention to the quality of the guides. The guides in Karaton Surakarta should master foreign language and master guiding technique well, as we know the tourists who come to this site are not only domestic ones but also foreign.
c. Conducting periodic evaluation
A periodic evaluation conducted by tourism management of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat is necessary. By doing this program, the tourism management can evaluate the deficiencies and the complaints from the visitors, so that, the management can take a solution to these hardships. The management can provide the understanding to the guide about how they should behave and how they give services to the visitors.
D. The Activity During Job-Training
The job was given for the writer when she conducted job training in
Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat as a guide. The writer’s job is also giving
(39)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
27
attraction. The tourists are often confused if they come from Siti Hinggil to ancient carts room. The writer has some experiences when she was on job training in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. They are follows:
a. During the Process of Guiding
Before the writer begins the process of guiding, she will check the
ticket and open Kori Wijil to allow the visitors to enter. Then, she
begins the process of guiding by introducing the name, informing the rules for visitors, giving general description of what visitors are going to see in Siti Hinggil, explaining the tourist attraction clearly and closing.
For example, the writer met tourist from America. Here is the
explanation: “Good morning ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Siti
Hinggil Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. First for all, I want to introduce myself. My name is Triana Lestiyawati and my friends normally call me Nana, and you may please call me so Nana. I am your guide.
Well, in Siti Hinggil Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat we are going to see the collection of heirloom in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, mostly derived from Demak palace or in 1515. The location of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat is in Baluwarti, Pasar Kliwon district, Surakarta city. Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat is considered as the center and founder of Javanese culture. Before I explain about the tourist
(40)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
28
attraction, I want to inform the rule for the visitors such as, the visitors are prohibited to touch the collection of heirloom in Siti Hinggil. Ok, ladies and gentleman, Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat was built in February of 17 1745 by Paku Buwono II. It was built after the revolt called Geger Pecinan, which affected the damage of Kartasura palace.
There is collection of heirloom in Siti Hinggil such as cannon Nyai
Setomi. This cannon is assumed having magical power. It was a gift
from Portuguese in 1515. Cannon Nyai Setomi is always be cleaned
three times a year on Rabiulawwal, Syawwal, and Dzulhijjah, (months of Muslim’s calender). The event to clean this sacred cannon Nyai Setomi is called Jamasan. Any question about my explanation?
Ladies and gentlemen, this is the end of our tour. Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat is one of tourist attractions that has richness of traditional events and cultural heritages. Therefore, we must always keep and conserve the relic of culture in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat.
That’s all my explanation, I am sorry if I have a mistake. Thank you
very much.”
b. Handling the visitor’s complaint
The writer has an experience of handling the visitor’s complaint. She met
the tourist from France who complained about the cleanliness in Siti
Hinggil. The writer said,”I apologize for the cleanliness in Siti Hinggil.
Because, yesterday there was an event in Siti Hinggil, so that the
(41)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
29
E. The Achievement During Job-Training
The writer got many achievements during job training as a guide that can improve the knowledge about guiding technique. Besides, the writer can also improve in her speaking English with native speaker.
a. Practicing of Guiding Technique
The writer can apply the guiding technique when she became a guide from the lesson of guiding technique, which has been obtained in the class. The
writer learns about handling visitor’s complaint and responding tourist’s
question. We need to be smart to handle about that.
b. Talking with foreigner visitors
The writer can talk with tourists who cannot speak Indonesian. It teaches her to learn how to speak English with good pronunciation. Besides, she learns how the tourists used linking sound. From those experiences, the writer should improve her skill in speaking and understanding English to put proper meaning in talking with native speaker.
(42)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
30
CHAPTER IV
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
Based on the explanation in the previous chapter, the writer concludes that Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat is a tourist atraction, which has the elements of culture, art, and historical inheritance. It has many collections of historical buildings decorated with Europen-Java architecture. Besides, Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat also has cultural events as the source of Javanese culture that can attract both local and foreign tourist.
The accurate information about this tourist attraction is needed by the visitors, so that, the guide plays an important role to give the information to the visitor. The guides of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat used guiding technique by preparing performance such as dressing traditionally and behaving, mastering the explanation and language, conducting the process of guiding by describing the tourist attraction consists of opening, material explanation, closing. Here, the guide not only describes the information about the site but also makes it interesting and memorable for visitors. For this purpose, the guide of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat use the strategies to attract the visitors such as making good
relationship with visitors, attracting tourist’s curiosity, inserting joke during guiding, and telling the distinction of tourist attraction or mistic occurance. The application of each strategy should be adjusted to the characteristic of the visitors.
(43)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
31
Besides the guide of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat can handle the problem from
the visitors such as handling lost material and handling the visitor’s complaint.
However, there are several problems faced by the guide in doing their job such as the lack of guide who masters English language well and the lack of a professional guide. Because of this problem, the visitors, especially foreigners, are not satisfied with the guide service. To solve the problems encountered by the guide in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, the guide should take a course, recruitment professional guide. Besides, the management of tourism of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat has to train their guides.
A. Suggestion
1. For the guide
a. The guide should master the material of explanation about the
tourist attraction.
b. The guide should really master the guiding technique to make the
tourist attraction interesting and memorable.
c. The guide should be a professional guide and give the best service
to the visitors without thinking about tip from them.
d. The guide should have the guide certificate and guide identification
card from Indonesia Guide Organization or Himpunan Pemandu Wisata Indonesia (HPI).
2. For the management of tourism in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat
(44)
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
32
b. The management should increase the facilities of the tourist
attraction.
c. The management should maintain or keep the collections of
(1)
commit to user
attraction. The tourists are often confused if they come from Siti Hinggil to ancient carts room. The writer has some experiences when she was on job training in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. They are follows:
a. During the Process of Guiding
Before the writer begins the process of guiding, she will check the ticket and open Kori Wijil to allow the visitors to enter. Then, she begins the process of guiding by introducing the name, informing the rules for visitors, giving general description of what visitors are going to see in Siti Hinggil, explaining the tourist attraction clearly and closing.
For example, the writer met tourist from America. Here is the explanation: “Good morning ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Siti Hinggil Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat. First for all, I want to introduce myself. My name is Triana Lestiyawati and my friends normally call me Nana, and you may please call me so Nana. I am your guide.
Well, in Siti Hinggil Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat we are going to see the collection of heirloom in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, mostly derived from Demak palace or in 1515. The location of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat is in Baluwarti, Pasar Kliwon district, Surakarta city. Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat is considered as the center and founder of Javanese culture. Before I explain about the tourist
(2)
commit to user
attraction, I want to inform the rule for the visitors such as, the visitors are prohibited to touch the collection of heirloom in Siti Hinggil. Ok, ladies and gentleman, Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat was built in February of 17 1745 by Paku Buwono II. It was built after the revolt called Geger Pecinan, which affected the damage of Kartasura palace. There is collection of heirloom in Siti Hinggil such as cannon Nyai Setomi. This cannon is assumed having magical power. It was a gift from Portuguese in 1515. Cannon Nyai Setomi is always be cleaned three times a year on Rabiulawwal, Syawwal, and Dzulhijjah, (months
of Muslim’s calender). The event to clean this sacred cannon Nyai
Setomi is called Jamasan. Any question about my explanation?
Ladies and gentlemen, this is the end of our tour. Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat is one of tourist attractions that has richness of traditional events and cultural heritages. Therefore, we must always keep and conserve the relic of culture in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat.
That’s all my explanation, I am sorry if I have a mistake. Thank you
very much.”
b. Handling the visitor’s complaint
The writer has an experience of handling the visitor’s complaint. She met the tourist from France who complained about the cleanliness in Siti Hinggil. The writer said,”I apologize for the cleanliness in Siti Hinggil. Because, yesterday there was an event in Siti Hinggil, so that the
(3)
commit to user
E. The Achievement During Job-Training
The writer got many achievements during job training as a guide that can improve the knowledge about guiding technique. Besides, the writer can also improve in her speaking English with native speaker.
a. Practicing of Guiding Technique
The writer can apply the guiding technique when she became a guide from the lesson of guiding technique, which has been obtained in the class. The writer learns about handling visitor’s complaint and responding tourist’s question. We need to be smart to handle about that.
b. Talking with foreigner visitors
The writer can talk with tourists who cannot speak Indonesian. It teaches her to learn how to speak English with good pronunciation. Besides, she learns how the tourists used linking sound. From those experiences, the writer should improve her skill in speaking and understanding English to put proper meaning in talking with native speaker.
(4)
commit to user
CHAPTER IV
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
Based on the explanation in the previous chapter, the writer concludes that Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat is a tourist atraction, which has the elements of culture, art, and historical inheritance. It has many collections of historical buildings decorated with Europen-Java architecture. Besides, Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat also has cultural events as the source of Javanese culture that can attract both local and foreign tourist.
The accurate information about this tourist attraction is needed by the visitors, so that, the guide plays an important role to give the information to the visitor. The guides of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat used guiding technique by preparing performance such as dressing traditionally and behaving, mastering the explanation and language, conducting the process of guiding by describing the tourist attraction consists of opening, material explanation, closing. Here, the guide not only describes the information about the site but also makes it interesting and memorable for visitors. For this purpose, the guide of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat use the strategies to attract the visitors such as making good
relationship with visitors, attracting tourist’s curiosity, inserting joke during
guiding, and telling the distinction of tourist attraction or mistic occurance. The application of each strategy should be adjusted to the characteristic of the visitors.
(5)
commit to user
Besides the guide of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat can handle the problem from
the visitors such as handling lost material and handling the visitor’s complaint.
However, there are several problems faced by the guide in doing their job such as the lack of guide who masters English language well and the lack of a professional guide. Because of this problem, the visitors, especially foreigners, are not satisfied with the guide service. To solve the problems encountered by the guide in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat, the guide should take a course, recruitment professional guide. Besides, the management of tourism of Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat has to train their guides.
A. Suggestion
1. For the guide
a. The guide should master the material of explanation about the tourist attraction.
b. The guide should really master the guiding technique to make the tourist attraction interesting and memorable.
c. The guide should be a professional guide and give the best service to the visitors without thinking about tip from them.
d. The guide should have the guide certificate and guide identification card from Indonesia Guide Organization or Himpunan Pemandu Wisata Indonesia (HPI).
2. For the management of tourism in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat a. The management should recruite the professional guide.
(6)
commit to user
b. The management should increase the facilities of the tourist attraction.
c. The management should maintain or keep the collections of historical inheritances in Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat.