NATURE OF DATA RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

51 processed using descriptive statistic technique. It was selected with some considerations, the first consideration was that this study needed an analysis technique that could analyze and describe information from scores obtained from the test. Hence, according to Sprinthall, Schmutte, Sirois 1991 “descriptive statistic technique is used for literally describing the characteristics of a given set or sets of score”. The second consideration was this study required a statistical analysis technique which able to analyze the significance of the development of the acquisition of the grammatical aspects of the three groups of students. Hence the analysis technique must be able to measure each sampling group characteristic in order to be able to draw a conclusion regarding the developmental pattern of those three sample groups. In addition, according to Sprinthall, Schmutte, Sirois 1991, descriptive statistics aimed at providing the measurement for several things such as central tendency, variability, relationships, skewness, group characteristics, kurtosis, as well as scores. This technique uses graphs and tables in order provide more elaborate information particularly regarding the various measures of group characteristics. Therefore, descriptive analysis technique is suitable to be applied in this study. Furthermore, to accommodate the needs of information to answer first research question about the developmental pattern as well as third research question about problematic grammatical aspects there was another data analysis technique employed, i.e. inferential statistic specifically the nonparametric analysis technique. A non-parametric test was selected because the obtained data were not normally distributed. In addition, the number of the data sample is only 52 90, which is considered as small number thus using non-parametric test is more preferable. In analyzing the data, initial step taken by the researcher was determining the distribution of the data, check the data whether it was normally distributed or not. To find out the data normality, the writer operated descriptive analysis test with IBM SPSS. When the p-value 0.05 it means that the data follows a normal distribution, otherwise when the p-value 0.05 the data does not follow a normal distribution. After running statistical data analysis, it turned out that obtained p- value was 0.05. Obtained p-value showed that the data did not follow normal distribution. Consequently, further statistical data required Kruskal-Wallis H test to analyze the obtained data of this study. Subsequently, a test of homogeneity was operated to observe the homogeneity of data from the three groups of population samples. To accommodate the answer of the first research question, the writer needed to investigate means of acquired score of each group of learners. Therefore, the developmental pattern could be observed by interpreting the investigation result. To answer the second research question about the significant difference on the development of the acquisition of grammatical aspects by three groups of learners the writer operated Kruskal-Wallis H test. Further, the result of that statistical data analysis was interpreted to accommodate the answer for the second research question. Subsequently, the answer for the third research question could be obtained by observing the means value of each grammatical aspect score. Grammatical aspect obtained the lowest score was considered as the most problematic aspect for the learners.