In learning vocabulary, the students should learn more adjectives in general definition that identify more information of nouns. Therefore, this
research focused on the use of demonstrative adjectives, qualitative adjectives, and possesive adjective as they were appropriate with the teaching materials or the
textbook used.
2.3.4 Adverbs An adverb is a type of word that can tell when, where, why, or under what
condition something happens or happened. In line with this statement, Harmer 1998:37 explains that adverb is a word or group of words that describes or
adds to the meaning of a verb, adjective, another adverb or a whole sentence. In addition, Thomson and Martinet 1986:47 state eight kinds of adverb as follows.
1. Adverbs of manner An adverb of manner tells us the way something happens or how
something is done.
For examples: a. We can not do the test easily. b. He should not drive car fast.
2. Adverbs of place An adverb of place tells us the location where someone or something is.
For examples: a. We will wait you here. b. I will study in Surabaya.
3. Adverbs of time An adverb of time tells us when something happens in the present, past or
future time.
For examples: a. I am studying English now. b. I was absent yesterday.
c. I will see you soon.
4. Adverbs of frequency An adverb of frequency tells us how often something is done.
For examples: a. We have English class twice a week. b. She usually helps her mother to clean the room
5. Adverbs of degree An adverb of degree tells us the strength or intensity of something that
happens. They are usually placed before the word they are modifying.
For examples: a. They are almost finish it. b. This math test is completely confusing.
6. Adverbs of interrogative An iadverb of nterrogative is placed at the beginning of a question. After
an interrogative adverb in a question, you must invert the subject and verb.
For examples: a. When do you arrive? b. Where is my book?
7. Adverbs of relative An Adverb of relative introduces a relative clause.
For example: a. I know the house where he lives. b. There must be some reasons why he cried.
The students on the grade seventh are required to learn English about daily life. Therefore, this research focused on the use of adverbs of time, adverbs of
place and adverbs of frequency as the teaching materials. Those kinds of adverbs are commonly used in our daily life. Besides, those adverbs were appropriate for
the seventh grade students at SMP Negeri 11 Jember based on the interview with the English teacher and the textbook used.
2.4 The Definition of English Songs
Commonly, people like songs. They can both sing and listen to the song at the same time. Kasihani 2010:113 states that song is a series of words that is
sung with a certain rhythm and tone. Song is a combination of music and lyrics. By applying song in class the students can not only sing and listen to the song, but
also read the lyric of the song. So that, students can improve their knowledge, about how the words are written and how to pronounce them well.
There are many kinds of English songs. Those are pop songs, jazz songs, rock songs, kid songs, etc. In this research, the songs that become researcher’s
focus are English kid songs. English songs used in this research were taken from the internet and chosen based on the curiculum of junor high school. Kasihani
2010:113 states two goals of song as follows. 1. Songs are created just to be enjoyed.
2. Songs are created for the purpose of learning, for example to teach vocabulary, phrases, or sentence patterns.
English kid songs belong to songs created for the purpose of learning. Commonly, English kid songs have theme, so the teacher can adapt the theme of
the songs to the theme of the lesson. The themes of the songs used in this research were animals, family, parts of body, and jobs. The researcher tried to adjust those
themes of songs to the themes of the lessons, the exercises and the vocabulary tests.
2.5 Teaching Vocabulary through English Songs
