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CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHOD
This chapter presents some aspects related to the research methods. They are research design, research area determination method, research subject
determination method, operational definitions of the terms, data collection methods, research procedures, and data analysis method. They are written
respectively in the following sections.
3.1. Research Design
The design of this research was a Classroom Action Research. McMillan 1992:12 states that action research has purpose to solve a specific classroom
problem. This research had a purpose to improve the seventh grade students’ vocabulary achievement and their active participation in the teaching learning
process by using English songs at SMP Negeri 11 Jember in the 20142015 academic year.
The form of action research is never a single activity, but it should be a series of activities that will be back to the first activity. Elfanany 2013:5 states
that Classroom Action Research is a research in the form of various activities that aims to improve the quality of teaching learning activities in the classroom. This
research was intended to improve the quality of teaching learning activities in the classroom, especially for teaching and learning vocabulary to the students.
Arikunto et al. 2006:20 state that there are four steps in doing Classroom Action Research; they are 1 planning, 2 implementing, 3 observing, and 4
reflecting. Those steps are components in doing a cycle in sequence activities that can be back to the first step. In line with this statement, this Classroom Action
Research used cycle model. Each cycle contained four steps: planning the action, implementing the action, observing the action, and reflecting the action.
Diagram 3.1 The Design of the Classroom Action Research
Adapted from Lewin, 1980, in Elliot, 1991:70
Based on the research design above, the activities of the research were explained in the following procedures.
1. Interviewing the English teacher of the seventh grade students at SMP Negeri 11 Jember to get some information about the school and the
research subjects. 2. Finding out some school documents.
3. Finding out the class as the research subjects that have difficulties in learning English, especially for vocabulary based on the school documents
and information from the English teacher. 4. Planning the actions of the first cycle for Meeting 1 and Meeting 2 by
constructing the lesson plans, the observation guide, and a vocabulary test.
Preliminary Study - Interviewing the English teacher
- Fact Finding observing the class - Identifying problem
- Choosing the Action Revising some necessary
aspects which cause the action fail to achieve the
target Unsuccessful:
If the result does not achieve the target
standard required score
Planning - Preparing vocabulary materials
- Constructing the lesson plans - Preparing the observation guide
- Preparing the vocabulary test - Determining the criteria of the
success Implementing
- Teaching vocabulary by using English
songs - Observing
- Administering the
vocabulary test Reflecting
- Data Analysis - Reflection
Successful: If the result achieves the
target standard required score
The cycle is stopped - The action is stopped
- Reporting the results
5. Implementing the actions in the first cycle by teaching vocabulary through an English song in each meeting. Therefore, there were two English songs
used in class for each cycle. 6. Observing the actions that were done by the English teacher while the
researcher implemented the actions in the first cycle. 7. Giving a vocabulary test to the research subjects after implementing the
actions of the first cycle. 8. Analyzing the results of the vocabulary test in the first cycle to find the
percentage of the students who got score at least 72 and the results of the classroom observations in the first cycle to find the percentage of the
students who were active by fulfilling at least four indicators out of five indicators of the observation checklist.
9. Reflecting the results of the vocabulary test and the classroom observation in the first cycle.
10. Drawing conclusions to answer the research problems. Since the result of the actions in the Cycle 1 did not achieve the research objectives, the
actions were continued to the Cycle 2 to correct the things that were not quite appropriate.
11. Planning the actions of the second cycle by constructing the lesson plans for Meeting 3 and Meeting 4 and a vocabulary achievement test by
revising some aspects of the first cycle. 12. Implementing the actions in the second cycle by teaching vocabulary
through English songs. 13. Observing the students’ participation that was done by the English teacher
while the researcher implemented the actions in the second cycle. 14. Giving a vocabulary test to the research subjects after implementing the
action of the second cycle. 15. Analyzing the results of the vocabulary test and the classroom
observations of the second cycle. 16. Drawing a conclusion to answer the research problems.
3.2. Research Area Determination Method
Kategori