Rizal Syafrudin,2014 THE EFFECT OF 5E LEARNING CYCLE MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN
POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH TETHODOLOGY
A. Location, Subject and population of Research
Population of this research is all classes in grade 7 one of junior high school in Bandung. The sample is 7A class consists of 28 students on pollution
and environmental damage chapter. The sampling technique of this research is purposive sampling. The research was conducted in one of Junior High School in
Bandung which applied national curriculum in learning process. The data collection was done in November 2013.
B. Research Design
The type of research design which is used in this research is quantitative method. Quantitative here is weak experiment on implementation of 5E Learning
Cycle Model in concept of pollution and environmental damage to improve student learning achievement. This method is used because this method is the
most suitable to the condition which the study subjects were examined only in one class and does not use using class comparison Arikunto, 2006. The quantitative
data is gained from the pretest and posttest while another data from questionnaire .Design used in this study was one group pretest-posttest design Fraenkel and
Wallen, 2008. Designs can be described as follows:
Table 3.1 The One Group Pretest-Posttest Design
Pre-Test Treatment
Post-Test
Subject A
X A
Rizal Syafrudin,2014 THE EFFECT OF 5E LEARNING CYCLE MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN
POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
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Description: A
: Multiple choice tests X
: 5E Learning Cycle Model There are three steps taken in this design are:
1. Provide pre-test to measure student achievement in concept of pollution and environmental damage before implementation learning model.
2. Implementation of 5E Learning Cycle Model in pollution and environmental damage.
3. Provide post-test to measure student achievement in concept of pollution and environmental damage after treatment.
The difference is in the value of the difference between the initial test and final test is assumed to be the effect of 5E Learning Cycle Model in
pollution and environmental damage concept to develop student achievement concept.
All the data is taken from 7th grade of junior high school in one of Junior High School in Bandung that learns about pollution and environmental damage.
This research is conducted that show in the flowchart:
Rizal Syafrudin,2014 THE EFFECT OF 5E LEARNING CYCLE MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN
POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
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Environmental pollution and
damage Response of the
students Syllabus and
curriculum
Designing Instrument
Judgment Try out
Analysis Validation
Invalid Valid
Revised
Pre-test Designing
Lesson Plan
Implementation: 5E Learning Cycle Model
Post-test
Process and analyze data
Conclusion
PREPARATION STAGE
ITPLETENTATION STAGE
FINAL STAGE
Rizal Syafrudin,2014 THE EFFECT OF 5E LEARNING CYCLE MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN
POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
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Figure 3.1 Diagram of Research Plot Procedure of research is arranged based on the syntax of 5e learning cycle
model. There are three stages of procedure consists of preparation stage, implementation stage, and analysis and conclusion stage. The procedure could be
explained as follows:
1. Preparation Stage
In this stage, the researcher conduct several steps that support the research, there are:
a. Formulating problem that will be investigated, in this step there are problem that must be solve, so this research would solve problem in learning about
concept in pollution and environmental damage.
b. Determining the focus of variable research c. Conducting literature review of pollution and environmental damage concept,
5e learning cycle model, and curriculum. d. Arranging the research proposal which is presented in proposal seminar
e. Revised of research proposal after having suggestions and critics from
lecturers. f. Arranging the research instrument and being judged by expert or lecturer.
Instrument that used are multiple choice test that measured concept achievement, questionnaire to measured student respond in implementing 5e
learning cycle model and e-book of ipse, and note observation to observe student activity in implementation of 5e learning cycle model.
g. Arranging instructional tool which are including lesson plan, module, worksheet of pollution.
h. Revised of research instrument after having suggestions.
Rizal Syafrudin,2014 THE EFFECT OF 5E LEARNING CYCLE MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN
POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
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i. Testing of research instrument, researchers implement this step to 7
th
grade of junior high school of Laboratorium Percontohan UPI.
j. Revised of research instrument based on instrument try out analysis result
2. Implementation stage
During implementation stage, it will be observed the implementation of 5e learning cycle model. Implementation conducted several stages that includes:
a. Determining the class that used for experimental class, in this stage researcher used 7
th
grade students consist of 28students. b. Giving pretest that conducted to measure student prior knowledge before
implementation of 5e learning cycle model. c. Collecting pretest data and processing pretest result.
The implementation of 5e learning cycle model could be explained as follows:
1 First Meeting, teacher show the demonstration and picture about pollution and environmental damage concept then ask to students about the picture
and the demonstration, form groups consist of 7 students in a group then give problem in form of picture and ask to all of group present their result
of discussion, and conclude about the material that has been learned. In the end of learning teacher give task to students, they have to find out
pollution and environmental damage in their surrounding or home and find out about greenhouse effect, acid rain, ozone hole based on e-book that
given by the teacher, teacher ask to students work in group and make report and collected next meeting, teacher share the e-book to the students.
2 Second meeting, teacher ask to all of group present their work in front of class also give time to other group ask the group presenter. After all of
group presented their work in front of class then teacher explain about the task that has been presented by students in group while show the e-book.
Rizal Syafrudin,2014 THE EFFECT OF 5E LEARNING CYCLE MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN
POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
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d. Give posttest that conducted to measure student learning achievement after implementation of 5e learning cycle model.
e. Give questionnaire to know the student’s response towards implementation of 5e learning cycle model and e-book of ipse in the whole learning.
3. Final stage a. Data Analysis
All Data is collected and then data is analyzed and make some discussion in Implementation of 5e learning cycle model in concept of pollution and
environmental damage to improve student learning achievement. b. Conclusion
After analyze the data, it make conclusion about implementation of 5e learning cycle model in concept of pollution and environmental damage to
improve student learning achievement.
C. Operational Definition
Explanation of the term is intended to describe the meaning of the various concepts used in this study, so hopefully will not cause different interpretations.
1. Learning cycle 5E is the sequence for teaching and learning process. The five phases of that learning cycle included: Engagement, Exploration,
Explanation, Elaboration, and Evaluation Invention and Discovery Bybee 1997. The implementation of 5e learning cycle model will be measured
by observation sheet.
2. Learning achievement is definition of learning achievement is a phrase consisting of two words, namely achievement and learning. Achievement
is the result of an activity that has been done, created either individually or as a group Djamarah, 1994:19. Harold Spears gives limits: Learning
Rizal Syafrudin,2014 THE EFFECT OF 5E LEARNING CYCLE MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN
POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
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is to observe, to read, to initiate, and to try something themselves, to listen, to follow direction. According to Nurkencana 1986: 62 argues
that learning achievement is a result that has been achieved or acquired by the students as a value of each subjects. This research will measure the
cognitive achievement of students based on Bloom’s Taxonomy cognitive domain, the following stages: C1 Remembering, C2 Understanding,
C3 Applying, C4 Analyzing. The learning achievement will be measured by multiple choice tests.
D. Instructional Tool
