7.3 Interface Modes Styles
Interface or interactive Mode: the combination of presentation and action
languages
Determines how information is entered and displayed
Determines the ease and simplicity of learning and using the system
– Menu interaction – Command language
– Questions and answers – Form interaction
– Natural language processing – Graphical user interface object manipulation
Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson Copyright 1998, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Menu Interaction
Includes Pull-down Menus in GUI
Command Language
Questions and Answers
Computer asks, user answers
Form Interaction
Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson Copyright 1998, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Natural Language
Mainly with keyboard
Some with voice input and output
Major limitation
Inability of the computer to understand natural language
AI advances are improving it
Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson Copyright 1998, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Interface GUI
Icons or symbols are directly manipulated by the user
Most common PC GUI OS: Windows 95
Usability of four styles along four dimensions Table 7.1
Hybrid Modes
– NLP + Hypermedia – Command + Menu
– GUI + Menu
Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson Copyright 1998, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Dimensions Menu
Interaction Fill in the
Blanks Forms
Command Languages
GUI Questions
and Answers
Speed Slow at times
Moderate Fast
Could be slow Slow at times
Accuracy Error free
Moderate Many errors
Error free Moderate
Training time Short
Moderate Long
Short Short
Users preference
Very high Low
Prefer, if trained only
High High
Power Low
Low Very high
Moderate- high
Moderate
Flexibility Limited
Very limited Very high
Moderate- high
High if open ended
Control The system
The system The user
The system and the user
The system
Source: Based on Majchrzak et al. [1987].
Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson Copyright 1998, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Importance
Interface cost can be 60 to 70 of the total DSS cost
Ideally, interface adaptable to different users’ needs and
communicate consistent commands internally
Decision Support Systems and Intelligent Systems, Efraim Turban and Jay E. Aronson Copyright 1998, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
7.4 Graphics