improve their techniques, strategies, and creativity in teaching English for Senior High School.
2. The students The result of this study will be beneficial for the students to improve their
ability in English. The designed materials would give them opportunity to learn English better in a fun and enjoyable situation.
3. The writer This research is expected to be useful for the writer as feedback and
further inside. It will provide more information whether the set material is applicable and whether the goal and objective is achievable or not.
F. Definition of Terms
1. Design In general, to design is to decide how something looks, and works, especially
by making plans, drawings or models of it Hornby, 1995:314. Then designing instruction which is the area of this study is a “systematic” process to develop an
instructional plan that is an orderly process, an internal logic, resulting in coherent plan in which the components of the plan closely match one another Newby,
Stepich, Lehman, and Russel, 1996: 67. In this study, the writer designs a set of supplementary integrated reading writing materials using task based-learning for
the tenth grade students of SMA Bopkri 2 Yogyakarta.
2. Reading According to Mitchell 1982: 61, reading involves identification and
recognition of printed and written symbols which serve as stimuli for the recall of meanings built up through past experience, and further the construction of new
meaning through the reader’s manipulation of relevant concepts already in his possession. In short, reading is a process of understanding the printed symbol in
order to get the message of the reading passage itself. In this study, the writer gives more emphasis on reading comprehension and writing as the follow-up
activities. 3. Writing
According to Horne Tiedt 1981: 1, writing is the basic means of communication. It is our primary mean to learn. Written words are not just coded
values that were put into a piece of paper. They are ideas, wisdoms and inspirations that put into readable forms. In this study, the writer tries to integrate
writing and reading which are closely related to each other. 4. Supplementary
According to Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 2003: 1285, a supplement is something which is added to something else in order to improve it
or complete it. Therefore, the designed materials in this study are used to add or complete the teachers’ existing materials.
5. Task-Based Learning Task-based learning is one kind of learning in which the learners are given a
lot of tasks in the target language so that they can comprehend, manipulate,
produce, and interact using their language Nunan, 1989: 10. Further, according to Kranhke 1987: 59 tasks are a way of bringing a real world into the classroom.
In this study, task-based learning that uses a lot of tasks. Therefore, the students have more opportunities to practice.
6. Senior High School Students In Indonesia the term SMA, which stands for Sekolah Menengah Atas refers
to Senior High School. It is a level of education that should be completed in three years. Students start level at age 15-16. In this study, the designed materials are
made for the students of SMA Bopkri 2 Yogyakarta particularly those who are in the tenth grade.
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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
