will be presented at the end of this thesis.
E. Research Benefits
It is expected that this research will be able to provide contribution to English teachers in SLBN 3 Yogyakarta in overcoming their students’ problems in
pronouncing English words. For the seventh grade students of SLBN 3 Yogyakarta as the research participants, this research will hopefully assist in the improvement of
their pronunciation. The researcher wishes she could give them valuable information how to minimize the difficulties in pronouncing English words. For other researchers
especially students of English language education programs who are interested to conduct research on hearing-speech defective students, hopefully the results of this
research could inspire them and encourage them to conduct deeper studies on hearing-speech defective students. Finally, this research is expected to change public
opinions and beliefs that hearing-speech defective students are unable to learn to pronounce English words to an understandable level.
F. Definitions of Terms
This section presents the definitions of terms, which aim to avoid confusion. They are language, sound, hearing-speech defect, and SLBB N 3 Yogyakarta.
1. Language
Sattler 1992:546 says that language is a system of symbol which is evaluated in terms of its receptive and expressive components. Sardjono 2005:4
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
mentions that language is a group phenomena that is generated and maintained in community living; a code or a tool or an instrument of communication. According to
Pei 1966:141, language is a system of communication by sounds, operating through the organs of speech and hearing among members of a given community, and using
vocal symbols possessing arbitrary conventional meanings. In this research, language is defined as a means of which persons with hearing-speech defect interact. They do
not rely on using oral language as their primary language, but also using sign language and total communication which is combination of both sign language and
verbal communication.
2. Articulation
Articulation is the production of speech sounds in the mouth and throat Richards, Platt, Weber; 1985: 17. In this research, Articulation refers to the
production of speech sounds made by the hearing-speech defective students of SLBN 3 Yogyakarta when they are asked to pronounce English words.
3. Sound
According to Crystal 1987: 152, sound refers to the production or articulation in the vocal tract, acoustic transmission, or auditory reception. In this
study, sound refers to what hearing-speech the defective students produce when they are pronouncing English words.
4. Hearing-Speech Defect
Hearing defect is a condition where an individual is not able to hear and it is seen through his speech or other sounds Mangunsong, 1998: 68. Speech defect, on
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
the other hand, is impairment in the production and the use of oral language. It includes disabilities in making speech sounds, producing speech with a normal flow,
and producing voice Hallahan, Kauffman, Pullen, 2009: 304. In this research, hearing-speech defect is the condition where an individual has impairments in both
hearing as well as speech, which leads to problems in his language development.
5. SLBB N 3 Yogyakarta
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