2.3.2 Concept of Descriptive Text
Descriptive writing is one of the writing texts. Descriptive writing is taught by teacher in order to make students know how to describe
themselves and their surrounding although still in simply way. Descriptive text is a kind of genre which paints a colorful picture of a
p e r s o n , p l a c e , t h i n g o r i d e a c o n c r e t e a n d a l s o v i v i d d e t a i l s . A s s t a t e d b y Abilene. 2004:5 It should make the reader see, hear,
smell. taste. and feel what the author is describing. The aim of description is to reveal character, set the sc enes.
a nd t o establish the mood. The writer first should decide the topic that will he talked about specifically, because to understand the point of paragraph is not easy
for the reader if it is not specified. Then the writer should create some sentences as supporting details that refer to the main idea. Those details will absolutely help
the readers to make a better understanding of them to feel the text vividly. The writer actually may not cheat what heshe describes because it would not be
c o n c r e t e a n y m o r e l i k e t h e p u rp o s e o f d e s c r i p t i v e w r i t i n g i t s e l f t ha t i t s h o u l d m a k e d e s c r i p t i o n v i v i d a s w e l l a s c o n c r e t e o f t e n
p r e f e r s d y n a m i c details to static on Guth, 1966:15.” H o w e v e r , t h e f o c u s o f d e s c r i p t i v e w r i t i n g i s t o m a k e a n
o b j e c t visualized for the readers, consequently there are so many adjectives that are
usually used in it, for instance: “There are many red flowers in front of the class”.
It is appropriate to “its primary function of descriptive writing is called a creative writer” Weaver, 1960: 27. Sometimes a descriptive writer is called a cr eati ve
writer actually because heshe should be able to stimulat e the readers’ sense in giving contribution to see, hear, taste, or smell what heshe is
actually talking about.
The d e s c r i p t i o n a b o u t t h e o b j e c t s h o u l d b e c l e a r , c o n c r e t e , a n d detailed. If the readers are failed to imagine or have different perception with the
writers about the way things look. I means that the writer is not writing a d e s c r i p t i v e t e x t p a r a g r a p h . A w r i t e r s a i d a b o v e t h a t w h e n w e
w r i t e a descriptive paragraph, we should describe an object use appropriate sensory details. Just like Challaghan explanation that Sensory details arc details
that a ppe als to the sensati ons of s ight, sound. smell, taste, touch and mot ion 1988:40. The students have to know the generic structure
components of a descriptive text. As stated by Hayland 2004 that “Genre offers writers a n e xplicit under sta ndi ng of how tar get s t exts are
str uct ure d” . It mea ns t hat knowing the genre itself will support the writers in making their target texts so that their texts will structuralize based on their
purposes. In a book English for Social Purposes, it is stated that a descriptive text has two generic structures. They are:
1 Identification: Identifies the person. place or thing to b described. It means t hat in this part, we have to identifies the things will he described
2 Description: Describes parts, qualities, or characteristics. In this part, we have to describe clearly based on the object will be described.
2.4 General Concept of Writing Paragraph
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